CH 8

Question 1

What is a theory?

Answer 1

abstract generalization that explains how phenomena are interrelated

Question 2

What are the 3 types of theories

Answer 2

• descriptive
• grand
• middle-range

Question 3

what kind of theory describes a phenomenon?

Answer 3

descriptive : inductive, observation-based abstractions, common in qualitative

Question 4

What type of theory attempts to explain large segments of the human experience but are not good for research?
What are they types of this theory?

Answer 4

• grand
• Roy’s adaptation model, Transcultural nursing, Nursing process theory, Theory of human becoming, Self-care theory, Modeling and role model theory

Question 5

What type of theory attempts to focus on one phenomena and are more suitable for research?
Why are they more suitable for research?

Answer 5

• middle range theory

- able to test them empirically

Question 6

What type of model deals with abstractions or concepts that are assembled bc go their relevance to a common theme and are more loosely strutted than theories?

Answer 6

Concept model

Question 7

What type of model uses concept maps / visual representation of the relationships among phenomena?

Answer 7

schematic model

Question 8

What is the conceptual underpinning of a study?

Answer 8

the framework

Question 9

If the study is based on a theory it has a ___ framework?

If the study uses a conceptual model for the base it has a __ framework?

Answer 9

• theoretical

- conceptual

Question 10

What are the 4 conceptual models of nursing?

Answer 10

• human being
• env
• health
• nursing

Question 11

According to Roy’s adaptation model : human being cope with ___ change through adaptation. The goal of nursing is to __ ___. Nursing interventions usually take the form of __ internal and external stimuli that affect adaptation.

Answer 11

• environmental change
• promote adaptation
• modifying stimuli : inc/dec/add/remove/maintain

Question 12

What type of theories and models have been developed to focus on phenomena of interest to nurses?
What are examples?

Answer 12

• middle range theories
• Health promotion model
• Uncertainty in illness theory, social cognitive theory, Transtheroretical model, Health belief model, Theory of planned behavior

Question 13

Qualitative studies app tempt to avoid letting theories ___ or ___ their study findings.
Each type of study will still have its own ___

Answer 13

• influence
• bias
• framework

Question 14

Phenomenologists are guided by a frame work that is focused on ___

Answer 14

the persons lived experiences

Question 15

Ethnographers have a ___ framework focus

Answer 15

• cultural

Question 16

Grounded theory uses framework related to ___ formulations

Answer 16

• sociological

Question 17

Quantitative researchers will test a hypothesis from an ___ ___

Answer 17

existing theory

Question 18

Some studies relate to ___ theories, while others create their own ___ ___ that mergers several ___ together (which are more likely to be seen in a __ study)

Answer 18

• multiple
• theoretical framework
• theories
• pilot

Question 19

Why can it be difficult to critique a framework?

Answer 19

• abstract process

- researchers may provide evidence to support the framework but not evidence that could refute it

Question 20

Quantitative articles may not mention a theory or framework. To determine if a theory or framework is needed what should we evaluate?

Answer 20

the intervention

Question 21

A quantitive study that does not need an underlying theory has ___(#) ___(simple/complex) intervention.

Answer 21

• 1

- simple

Question 22

A quantitive study that has a complex intervention with the ___ of an underlying theory weakens the exigence quality but does not discount the evidence

Answer 22

• absence