Ch 6 PP Terms Flashcards
(24 cards)
types of muscles
smooth, cardiac, skeletal
smooth muscle
walls of hollow organs and ducts; involuntary
cardiac muscle
myocardium; involuntary
skeletal
attached to bones; voluntary
fascicles
muscle fibers held together
fascia
covers muscle fibers
tendons
attach muscles to bones
agonist
muscle that contracts, producing movement (prime mover, synergist–assist prime mover)
antagonist
muscle opposing agonist; must relax to allow agonist to produce movement
origin
muscle attachment point to stable part of skeleton
insertion
muscle attachment point to moving part of skeleton
naming of muscles
named by location, direction of fibers, size, shape, number of attachment heads, and action
amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS)
degeneration of motor neurons resulting in muscular weakness and atrophy; Lou Gehrig
chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS)
persistent fatigue, muscle and joint pain; unknown cause but may be viral
dermatomyositis
inflammation of muscles and dermatitis with skin rashes; unknown cause
fibromyalgia syndrome (FMS)
widespread muscular aches and stiffness; unknown cause
muscular dystrophy
hereditary muscular disorders marked by progressive weakness and atrophy of muscles
myasthenia gravis (MG)
progressive muscular weakness; autoimmune disease affecting neuromuscular junction
polymyositis
muscle inflammation and weakness; unknown cause
repetitive strain injury (RSI)
tissue damage caused by repeated motion, usually overuse during occupational activities
sprain
injury to a ligament caused by abnormal or excessive force at a joint; no dislocation or fracture
strain
trauma to a muscle due to overuse or excessive streth; may involve tearing of muscle, bleeding, or separation from bone
tendinitis
inflammation of a tendon, usually by injury or overuse
tenosynovitis
inflammation of a tendon and its sheath
