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Flashcards in ch 7 Deck (19)
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1
Q

skeletal system

A

Axial- 80 bones (skull, vertebral column, thoracic cage) / Appendicular- 126

20% body mass

Bones, cartilages, joints, ligaments

2
Q

Skull

A

Cranial Bone (8)- Encloses brain in cranial cavity

Facial bone (14)- Framework of face

Site of attachment for head and neck muscle

3
Q

Suture

A

Sutural Bone- small, extra bone plates located within the sutures of cranial bones

Sutures- jointed areas where flat bones come together

4
Q

Fontanels

A

Mesenchyme filled space between cranial bones at birth close at 6months- 2 years

5
Q

8 cranial bones

A
Frontal bone
Parietal bones (2)
Occipital bone
Temporal bones (2)
Sphenoid bone
Ethmoid bone
6
Q

Frontal Bone

A

Anterior portion of cranium, contains air filled frontal sinous

7
Q

Facial bone

A

(14)

Framework of face

Cavities for special sense organs for sight, taste, and smell

Openings for air and food passage

Sites of attachment for teeth and muscles of facial expression

8
Q

14 Facial Bones

A
Mandible
Maxillary bones (maxillae) (2)
Zygomatic bones (2)
Nasal bones (2)
lacrimal bone (2)
palatine bone(2)
vomer
inferior nasal cochea
9
Q

orbit

A

Root of Orbit-

  • lesser wing of sphenoid
  • orbital plate of frontal bone

Lateral wall of orbit-
zygomatic process
greater wing of sphenoid

Medial wall-
sphenoid body 
orbital plate of ethmoid
frontal process of maxilla
lacrimal bone

Floor of orbit-
orbital process of palatine
orbital surface of maxillary bone
zygomatic bone

10
Q

Hyoid

A

Lone bone, support tongue with muscle attachment

11
Q

vertebral column

A

Transmit weight of trunk to lower limbs, Protect spinal cord

flexible curved structure

Cervical-thoracic-lumbar-sacrum-coccyx-

12
Q

Intervertebral Disk

A

Cushionlike pad composed of 2

Nucleus Pulpous- inner gelatinous nucleus
gives disk elasticity and compressibility

Anulus Fibrosus- Outer collar composed of collagen and fibrocartilage

13
Q

General Vertebral Structure

A

body (centrum)- anterior weight bearing region

vertebral Arch- Composed of pedicles and laminae that, along with centrum, enclose vertebral foramen

Vertebral Foramina- Together make up vertebral canal for spinal cord

Intervertebral Foramina- Lateral openings between adjacent vertebrae for spinal nerves

14
Q

7 Process per vertebra

A

Spinous process—projects posteriorly
Transverse processes (2)—project laterally
Superior articular processes (2)—protrude superiorly
Inferior articular processes (2)—protrude inferiorly

15
Q

C1 Atlas

A

No body or spinous process

Consists of anterior and posterior arches, and two lateral masses

Superior surfaces of lateral masses articulate with occipital condyles

Movement for “Yes”

16
Q

C2 Axis

A

Dens projects superiorly into anterior arch of atlas

Is “missing” body of atlas

Dens is a pivot for rotation of atlas

Movement for “No”

17
Q

Thoracic Vertebrae

A

T1 to T12

All articulate with ribs at facets and demifacets

Long, spinous process that points inferiorly

Circular vertebral foramen

Location of articular facets allows rotation of this area of spine

18
Q

Lumbar Vertabrae

A

L1 to L5

Receives most stress

Short, thick pedicles and laminae

Flat hatchet-shaped spinous processes point posteriorly

Vertebral foramen triangular

Orientation of articular facets locks lumbar vertebrae
together to prevent rotation

19
Q

Sternum

A

Three fused bones

Manubrium – Superior portion

Articulates with clavicles and ribs 1 and 2

Body (midportion)

Articulates with costal cartilages of ribs 2 through 7

Xiphoid process – Inferior end

Site of muscle attachment

Not ossified until ~age 40