ch19 - respiratory system

Question 1

respiration

Answer 1

how an organism acquires energy, oxygen is essential for energy production, carbon dioxide is by product.

Question 2

respiratory system

Answer 2

built to obtain oxygen and remove carbon dioxide
include tubes that cary air into and out of the lungs as well as microscopic air sacs where the gases are exchanged.

Question 3

external respiration

Answer 3

includes ventilation or breathing, allows for an exchange of gases between the lungs and the air

Question 4

internal respiration

Answer 4

exchange of gases between the alveoli and blood and the subsequent transport to the tissues

Question 5

cellular respiration

Answer 5

occurs in cells in the mitochondria, where the oxygen is used for adenosine triphosphate (ATP) production

Question 6

organs of upper respiratory tract

Answer 6

nose, nasal cavity, sinuses, pharynx, larynx

Question 7

organs of the lower respiratory tract

Answer 7

trachea, broncial tree, lungs

Question 8

nasal cavity

Answer 8

hollow space behind the nose, divided into right and left portions by the nasal septum

Question 9

nasal conchae (turbinate bones)

Answer 9

passageways within the nasal cavity forming superior middle and inferior meatuses

Question 10

olfactory receptors

Answer 10

provides the sense of smell
in the upper posterior portion of the nasal cavity

Question 11

sinus

Answer 11

air filled cavities within the frontal ethmoid sphenoid and maxillary bones

Question 12

functions of the isnus

Answer 12

reduce weight of the skull and serve as resonant chambers that affect voice quality

Question 13

pharynx

Answer 13

a space posterior to the nasal cavity, oral cavity and larynx.
passageway for food moving from the oral cavity to the esophagus and for air passsing between the nasal cavity and the larynx

Question 14

parts of the pharynx

Answer 14

nasopharynx - superior to soft plate, communicates with nasal cavity and provides air passageway during breathing. auditory tubes connect to middle ear open here

oropharynx - posterior to mouth and soft plate, inferior of nasopharynx, projecting down to epiglottis. passageway for both food from mouth and air from nasal cavity

laryngopharynx - inferior to oropharynx. from epiglottis down to lower border of larynx. its continuous with esophagus and larynx

Question 15

larynx

Answer 15

enlargment in the airway superior to the trachea, anterior to the laryngopharynx. Passageway for air movin in and out of the trachea and prevents foreign objects from entering the trachea
also houses vocal chords