CH3 - cells

Question 1

apoptosis

Answer 1

a form of programmed cell death in which cells are shed from a developing structure

Question 2

cytoplasm

Answer 2

fluid and organelles between the cell membrane and the nuclear envelope

Question 3

endoplasmic reticulum

Answer 3

membranous complex within the cytoplasm

Question 4

hypertonic

Answer 4

solution that has a greater osmotic pressure than the cytosol

Question 5

hypotonic

Answer 5

solution that has a lesser osmotic pressure than the cytosol

Question 6

interphase

Answer 6

stage between mitotic divisions of cells

Question 7

isotonic

Answer 7

solution that has an osmotic pressure equal to the cytosol

Question 8

lysosome

Answer 8

organelle containing enzymes that break down proteins carbohydrates and nucleic acids

Question 9

mitosis

Answer 9

stage of cell division when chromosomes condense

Question 10

phagocytosis

Answer 10

process by which a cell takes in solid particles

Question 11

pinocytosis

Answer 11

process by which the cell takes in droplets of liquid

Question 12

prophase

Answer 12

first stage of mitosis

Question 13

ribosome

Answer 13

tiny spherical organelle compose of protein and RNA that supports protein synthesis

Question 14

vesicle

Answer 14

small saclike organelle that contains substances to be transported within the cell or secreted

Question 15

what unit of measurement is used when decribing cell size

Answer 15

micrometers

Question 16

differentiated cell

Answer 16

cells with specialized characteristics

Question 17

three major parts of a cell

Answer 17

nucleus, cytoplasm, cell membrane

Question 18

nucleus

Answer 18

contains the genetic material DNA which directs the cells functions

Question 19

cytoplasm

Answer 19

includes structures called cytoplasmic organelles, that are suspended the cytosol. and the cytoskeleton

Question 20

cytosol

Answer 20

intracellular fluid

Question 21

cell membrane

Answer 21

thin flexibale outermost limit of a cell controlling entrance and exit of substances - slective permeable

Question 22

selective permeable

Answer 22

the function of the cell membrane

Question 23

signal transduction

Answer 23

how the cell membrane allows the cell to recieve and respond to incoming messages

Question 24

cell membrane is composed of

Answer 24

lipids and proteins, and very few carbohydrates

Question 25

cell membrane proteins - receptors

Answer 25

respond to extracellual signals

Question 26

cell membrane proteins - pores channels carriers

Answer 26

transport molecules and ions, and transduce signals

Question 27

cell membrane proteins - enzymes

Answer 27

catalyze chemical reactions

Question 28

cell membrane proteins - cell surface proteins

Answer 28

establish self

Question 29

cell membrane proteins - cellular adhesion molecues

Answer 29

enalbes cells to stick to each other

Question 30

diffusion

Answer 30

the tendency of atoms molecules and ions in a solution or air to move from areas of higher concentration to areas of lower concentration due to kinetic energy