Chap 5: Bone (Cells) (exam 2)

Question 1

What are the cell types in bone?

Answer 1

1. Osteoprogenitor
2. Osteoblasts
3. osteocytes
4. bone lining cells
5. osteoclasts

Question 2

what is the appearance of osteoprogenitor cells?

Answer 2

Flat

Question 3

where are osteoprogenitor cells located

Answer 3

endosteum and periosteum

Question 4

osteoprogenitor cells are derived from where?

Answer 4

usually- mesenchyme cells

possibly- chondrogenic cells

Question 5

what is the function of osteoprogenitor cells

Answer 5

usually to change into another bone cell type aka osteoblasts

Question 6

can osteoprogenitor cells can or can not under go mitosis

Answer 6

yes they can

Question 7

Osteoblasts appearance is what?

Answer 7

cuboid to columnar

Question 8

what is the location of osteoblasts

Answer 8

endosteum and periosteum

Question 9

osteoblasts are derived from what cell

Answer 9

osteoprogenitor cells

Question 10

What are the functions of osteoblasts

Answer 10

produce osteoid,
produce materials (matrix vesicles),
respond to PTH directly

Question 11

in response to PTH osteoblast will do what?

Answer 11

they will produce a factor OPG (that cause the creation of new osteoclasts),
secrete osteoclast stimulating factor (reabsorb bone),
cause them to produce enzymes to condition bone for osteoclasts

Question 12

can osteoblast undergo mitosis

Answer 12

no

Question 13

Osteocytes have what appearance

Answer 13

conforms to lacuna

Question 14

what is the location of an osteocyte?

Answer 14

surrounded by bony matrix

Question 15

What is the function of osteocytes?

Answer 15

1. maintain the matrix and monitor the matrix
2. release factors to influence osteoblast activity
3. release factors to cause the creation of new osteoclasts

Question 16

can osteocytes undergo mitosis

Answer 16

no

Question 17

Bone lining cells appear to be what shape?

Answer 17

flat

Question 18

what is the location of Bone lining cells

Answer 18

in the endosteum

Question 19

bone lining cells are derived from what?

Answer 19

usually-osteoblast

possibly-osteocytes

Question 20

what is the function of bone lining cells

Answer 20

primarily to wait to become an osteoblast again

Question 21

do bone lining cells go through mitosis?

Answer 21

no way

Question 22

Osteoclast appear how?

Answer 22

large and multi-nucleated

Question 23

osteoblasts are located where

Answer 23

endosteum and periosteum

Question 24

osteoclasts are derived from what

Answer 24

Peri-osteoclasts (related to monocytes)

Question 25

what is the function to osteoclasts

Answer 25

to reabsorb bone

Question 26

bone reabsorption occurs where

Answer 26

in the subosteoclastic compartment

Question 27

What are the steps at reabsorbing bone?

Answer 27

inorganic matrix dissolves first then the organic matrix goes next

Question 28

Inorganics dissolve using what

Answer 28

strong acids (primarily carbonic acid)

Question 29

The organic will break down fast due to what?

Answer 29

the low pH from the inorganics dissolving first

Question 30

The organics are broken down by what

Answer 30

lysosomal enzymes

Question 31

at the end of the organics breaking down what will be about original to not damage surrounding cells

Answer 31

the pH will be about normal

Question 32

What are the two hormones that regular osteoclasts

Answer 32

PTH and Calcitonin

Question 33

PTH will do what to osteoclasts

Answer 33

it will increase osteoclast activity view causing osteoblasts to secrete osteoclast-stimulating factor

Question 34

Calcitonin does what to osteoclasts

Answer 34

will decrease osteoclast activity (off switch)