Chapter 1

Question 1

What are the three purposes of science?

Answer 1

1. Carefully observing nature
2. Discovering the laws of creation
3. Using those laws for mankind’s benefit

Question 2

What is the study of living things?

Answer 2

Biology

Question 3

What is the scientific term for living things?

Answer 3

Organisms

Question 4

What is the study of animals and how they live?

Answer 4

Zoology

Question 5

What is the study of an organism’s shape and structure?

Answer 5

Anatomy

Question 6

What is the smallest unit of living things that can be said to be alive?

Answer 6

Cell

Question 7

What consists of a single cell that performs all of the organism’s function?

Answer 7

Unicellular organism

Question 8

What is an organism like an animal or plant that contains many different types of cels?

Answer 8

Multicellular organism

Question 9

What is a stable internal condition organisms must keep in order to survive?

Answer 9

Homeostasis

Question 10

What is the process by which life continues through the generation of new organisms?

Answer 10

Reproduction

Question 11

What is the sum of all chemical processes of life?

Answer 11

Metabolism

Question 12

What are substances in food that provide organisms with energy?

Answer 12

Nutrients

Question 13

In which process do cells produce ATP by combining nutrients with oxygen?

Answer 13

Cellular respiration

Question 14

What prefix refers to the heart?

Answer 14

Cardio-

Question 15

What prefix means “under, below”?

Answer 15

Hypo-

Question 16

What prefix means “large”?

Answer 16

Macro

Question 17

What suffix means “study of”?

Answer 17

-logy

Question 18

What is the scientific name for plant life?

Answer 18

Flora

Question 19

What is the scientific name for animal life?

Answer 19

Fauna

Question 20

What type of symmetry can only be cut in half one time? (example: dog, human)

Answer 20

Bilateral symmetry

Question 21

What type of symmetry cannot be cut equally at all? (example: tree, amoeba)

Answer 21

Asymmetry

Question 22

What type of symmetry can be cut equally in multiple ways? (Example: orange, starfish)

Answer 22

Radial symmetry

Question 23

What is the term for environments on land, like meadows, deserts, mountains, savannas, jungles?

Answer 23

Terrestrial

Question 24

What is an organism’s home called?

Answer 24

Habitat

Question 25

What term means active during the day?

Answer 25

Diurnal

Question 26

What term means active mainly at night?

Answer 26

Nocturnal

Question 27

What is the term for an inactive state that helps organisms conserve stored energy?

Answer 27

Dormant

Question 28

Animals that live in trees (birds, squirrels) are said to have what types of habitats?

Answer 28

Arboreal

Question 29

What is the term for water environments in general?

Answer 29

Aquatic

Question 30

Ponds, lakes, rivers, and streams are what kind of environment?

Answer 30

Freshwater

Question 31

What refers to environments in seas and oceans?

Answer 31

Marine

Question 32

What is the area between the highest and lowest points the tide reaches?

Answer 32

Intertidal Zone

Question 33

What are hot springs in the ocean floor?

Answer 33

Hydrothermal vents

Question 34

What is the science of classification?

Answer 34

Taxonomy

Question 35

What is the term for a distinct type of organism?

Answer 35

Species

Question 36

Who was the first to develop a modern definition for the word "species"?

Answer 36

John Ray

Question 37

What is the primary basis for classifying living things?

Answer 37

Body structure

Question 38

Who is the Father of Taxonomy?

Answer 38

Carolus Linnaeus

Question 39

Linnaeus grouped living things into two main categories. What are these two kingdoms?

Answer 39

``` Kingdom Plantae (Plant kingdom) Kingdom Animalia (Animal kingdom) ```

Question 40

List the categories of classification in order from largest to smallest.

Answer 40

``` Kingdom Phylum Class Order Family Genus Species ```

Question 41

An organism's scientific name always consists of which two categories?

Answer 41

Genus and species (Genus always first)

Question 42

Who introduced the Scientific Method?

Answer 42

Sir Francis Bacon

Question 43

What are the three main parts of the Scientific Method?

Answer 43

1. Hypothesizing 2. Observing 3. Experimenting

Question 44

What is a sensible explanation of a problem?

Answer 44

Hypothesis

Question 45

What is the scientific term for facts about nature?

Answer 45

Data

Question 46

What is the methodical testing of hypotheses?

Answer 46

Experimentation

Question 47

What is a way of explaining an object or event by using a set of facts?

Answer 47

Theory

Question 48

If a theory has never been proven false, scientists will then call it what?

Answer 48

Scientific Law

Question 49

What is the factor that one changes to test the hypothesis?

Answer 49

Independent variable

Question 50

How many independent variables should a good experiment have?

Answer 50

Only 1.

Question 51

What are the variables that are the same in all groups?

Answer 51

Controlled variables

Question 52

What is the term for the group in which the independent variable is absent; the standard of comparison?

Answer 52

Control Group

Question 53

What is the study of reasoning?

Answer 53

Logic

Question 54

What is a conclusion based on reasoning from evidence?

Answer 54

Inference

Question 55

What is reasoning from general evidence to more specific conclusion?

Answer 55

Deductive reasoning

Question 56

What is reasoning from specific evidence to a more general conclusion?

Answer 56

Inductive reasoning