Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Life Science 7 > Chapter 11 > Flashcards

Chapter 11 Flashcards

(64 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

What are structures that are easily seen with the unaided eye?

A

Macroscopic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What are structures that require a microscope to be seen?

A

Microscopic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What are the smallest living units of all living things?

A

Cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Which English scientist was the first to see cells under a microscope?

A

Robert Hooke

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What states that all living things are composed of living units (called cells) and cell products; and that all cells come from pre-existing cells?

A

Cell Theory

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is the flexible semipermeable membrane responsible for surrounding and protecting the other parts of the cell?

A

Cell membrane

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is the largest portion of the cell?

A

Cytoplasm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Where does most of the cellular respiration take place?

A

Mitochondria

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is the “control center” at the center of the cell that is the most important part of the cell and is responsible for regulating all cell activities?

A

Nucleus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is the substance which stores information that determines the genetic traits of an organism?

A

DNA (Deoxyribonucleic acid)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What part of the microscope allows the amount of light passing through the slide to be controlled?

A

Diaphragm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is the surface on which the slide rests?

A

Stage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is the small lens through which the image is viewed?

A

Eyepiece

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What fine-tunes the focus after focusing with the coarse-adjustment knob?

A

Fine-adjustment knob

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is a slide with a specimen covered by a drop of water?

A

Wet mount

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is the sturdy, protective support structure that surrounds the cell membrane?

A

Cell wall

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What are the organelles that perform photosynthesis?

A

Chloroplasts

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What are the storage spaces withing a cell that house food materials, fluids, and minerals?

A

Vacuoles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What is the transmission of characteristics from parent to offspring?

A

Heredity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What are units of hereditary information stored on the cells’ chromosomes?

A

Genes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What is the study of heredity?

A

Genetics

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What is the process by which a cell divides to form two new cells?

A

Mitosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What is a single fertilized egg cell?

A

Zygote

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

What is the process by which the cell makes a copy of the DNA before dividing?

A

Replication

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
What are protein-producing factories in the cytoplasm?
Ribosomes
26
What is the process in which the DNA information of a single gene is copied into a molecule of RNA?
Transcription
27
What is the process in which RNA is converted by a ribosome into a protein?
Translation
28
What are the different forms of genes called?
Alleles
29
What is the term for two identical alleles for the same gene?
Homozygous
30
What is the term for two different alleles for the same gene?
Heterozygous
31
What shows up in the offspring even if an allele for a different trait is also present?
Dominant trait
32
What is a trait that does not appear in the offspring when the dominant allele is present?
Recessive trait
33
What is the actual combination of alleles that the organism has for a particular trait?
Genotype
34
What is the appearance that results from the genotype?
Phenotype
35
What principle states that when two heterozygous organisms are crossed, the offspring is equally likely to receive either allele?
Law of segregation
36
What states that the allele inherited for one trait is unrelated to the allele inherited for another?
Law of independent assortment
37
What is a chart that allows us to visualize all possible combinations of alleles that could result from a cross?
Punnett square
38
What is used to study genetic traits in humans and other long-lived organisms?
pedigree chart
39
What is a diverse group of of the smallest chlorophyll-containing organisms found in nearly every body of water?
Algae
40
What is a well-known colonial green alga?
Volvox
41
What is a filamentous green alga?
Spirogyra
42
What yellow algae are the most numerous of all algae?
Diatoms
43
What is the largest of the brown algae?
Kelp
44
What is the group of heterotrophic plant-like organisms?
Fungi
45
What is the study of fungi?
Mycology
46
What is the largest group of fungi?
Sac fungi
47
What is a colorless organism that eats foods containing sugar?
Yeast
48
By what process do yeasts reproduce?
Budding
49
What are animal-like organisms made of a single cell?
Protozoa
50
Who is known as the "Father of Microbiology"?
Anton van Leeuwenhoek
51
What are protozoa that move using a ling, whip-like organ of locomotion?
Flagellates
52
What are common flagellates found in freshwater lakes, ponds, and streams?
Euglenas
53
What is the elastic "holding tank" that collects disposes of excess water?
Contractile Vacuole
54
What is the deadly disease casued by one variety of trypanosome and transmitted to humans and animals by bites from the tsetse fly?
African sleeping sickness
55
What are protozoa that move by means of pseudopods ("false feet")?
Sarcodines
56
What is the best known sarcodine?
Amoeba
57
What is a space for storing and digesting food?
Food vacuole
58
What are slipper-shaped protozoa?
Paramecia
59
What is the term for spore-forming protozoa?
Sporozoa
60
What is the parasite that causes malaria in humans?
Plasmodium
61
What are single-celled organisms that have no organized nuclei?
Prokaryotes
62
What organisms live in the air, soil, and water and can be harmful, helpful, or neither?
Bacteria
63
What is one of the best-known species of bacteria that has provided research that benefits our current understanding of heredity?
E. coli
64
What are hardy prokaryotes that thrive in environments that most other organisms couldn't survive in?
Blue-green Algae (cyanobacteria)

Life Science 7 (20 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions