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Life Science 7 > Chapter 3 > Flashcards

Chapter 3 Flashcards

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1
Q

Which part of the body contains most of the body’s vital organs?

A

Trunk

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2
Q

What is a group of cells working together to perform a particular function?

A

Tissue

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3
Q

Which body system transports nutrients, wastes, respiratory gases, and other materials?

A

Cardiovascular

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4
Q

Which body system concentrates and removes liquid wastes?

A

Urinary

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5
Q

Which body system covers and protects the body?

A

Integumentary

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6
Q

Which body system supports the body, provides attachment for muscles, and protects vital organs?

A

Skeletal

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7
Q

Which body system moves body parts?

A

Muscular

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8
Q

Which body system controls body functions and activities?

A

Nervous

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9
Q

What is the straw-colored liquid part of the blood that makes up 50% of your blood?

A

Plasma

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10
Q

Which type of blood cell transports oxygen to the other body cells?

A

Red blood cells

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11
Q

What are the large blood vessels that carry blood away from the heart?

A

Arteries

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12
Q

What are the tiny vessels next to your body’s cells that exchange oxygen, nutrients, and wastes?

A

Capillaries

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13
Q

What are large blood vessels that carry blood back to the heart?

A

Veins

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14
Q

What is the scientific term for the upper chamber of the heart?

A

Atrium (Plural: atria)

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15
Q

What is the tough, slippery membrane that encloses the heart called?

A

Pericardium

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16
Q

What is the scientific term for the throat?

A

Pharynx

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17
Q

What is the scientific term for the voice box?

A

Larynx

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18
Q

What is the scientific name for the windpipe?

A

Trachea

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19
Q

What is the thin, double-layered membrane that encases the lungs?

A

Pleura

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20
Q

What are the 300 million tiny air sacs in the lungs called?

A

Alveoli

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21
Q

What is the dome-shaped muscle that helps you breathe?

A

Diaphragm

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22
Q

What is the path that food follows through the digestive system?

A

Alimentary Canal

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23
Q

What is the first section of the small intestine called?

A

Duodenum

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24
Q

What is the sac-like organ in which the bile produced each day by the liver is stored?

A

Gallbladder

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25
Which system excretes wastes from your body?
Excretory
26
What are the tubes that connect the kidneys to the bladder?
Ureters
27
What is the liquid that surrounds every cell in your body?
Tissue fluid
28
What are enlarged bundles of lymphatic tissue that clean lymph called?
Lymph Nodes
29
What is the largest lymphatic organ?
Spleen
30
What system of defense that fights invaders is the lymphatic system a part of?
Immune System
31
What is another name for white blood cells that contribute the most in the pathogen battle?
Phagocytes
32
What is an important group of white blood cells called?
Lymphocytes
33
What do B cells produce to fight against invaders?
Antibodies
34
What is the ability of the body to resist invasion by a pathogen?
Immunity
35
Which organ allows lymphocytes to grow and mature?
Thymus
36
What is the outer layer of the skin that is formed by dead, scale-like cells that are pushed upward by new cells and then rubbed off?
Epidermis
37
What is the most important brown pigment that determines whether you have light or dark skin?
Melanin
38
What is the soft, fatty tissue in the porous center of the long bone where new red blood cells are produced?
Marrow
39
What is the scientific term of the lower jawbone?
Mandible
40
What are the hollow spaces that help your voice resonate in your skull?
Sinuses
41
What is comprised of thirty-three vertebrae?
Backbone (or vertebral column)
42
What is the scientific name for the breastbone?
Sternum
43
What connects the bones of movable joints?
Ligaments
44
What type of joint are found in your shoulders and hips?
Ball-and-socket joint
45
What are the tough, cord-like materials that attach the skeletal muscles to the bones of the skeletal system?
Tendons
46
What is the point at which muscles are anchored to a relatively immovable part like a bone?
Origin
47
What are muscles that work whether you think about them or not?
Involuntary muscles
48
Which division of the nervous system consists of the brain and spinal cord?
CNS (Central Nervous System)
49
What are the bundles of fibers that connect the CNS with the rest of the body?
Nerves
50
What are the electrochemical messages that are transmitted from the nerves?
Impulses
51
What is the chief organ of the nervous system?
Brain
52
What part of the brain is responsible for balance and skeletal muscle coordination?
Cerebellum
53
What connects the rest of the brain to the spinal cord?
Brain stem
54
What part of the nervous system controls simple reflexes?
Spinal Cord
55
What are the chemical substances responsible for controlling many automatic activities of your body, including growth and digestion?
Hormones
56
What is the "master gland"?
Pituitary gland
57
What glands are responsible for the body's fight-or-flight response?
Adrenal
58
What glands secrete two hormones (insulin and glucagon) that regulate sugar levels throughout the body?
Islets of Langerhans
59
What gland is located in the center of the brain and serves as a clock to control waking and sleeping?
Pineal
60
What are the main organs of the reproductive system?
Gonads (Ovaries in women and Testes in men)
61
What tissue type provides motion?
Muscle tissue
62
What is the smallest part of the body that can be said to be alive?
Cells
63
What structure grew between you and your mother's body and kept you attached to the wall of the uterus?
Placenta

Life Science 7 (20 decks)

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