Chapter 1

Question 1

How does our body keep stability?

Answer 1

Balance between inputs and outputs
-Gases, nutrients, waste, salt, pH

Question 2

Does complete constancy occur

Answer 2

Have a range to be within to stay healty

Question 3

How does complete constancy occur

Answer 3

With control pathways to maintain a set point
-also have mechanism that can bring us back to set point

Question 4

What moves us back to our set point

Answer 4

Negative-Feedback systems

Question 5

Does everyone have the same physiologically same set point

Answer 5

Set points can be physiologically raised or lowered

Question 6

Does our body keep everything homeostatically maintained

Answer 6

Not everything can be maintained, so variable are ranked in a hierarchy

Question 7

How does our body keep constancy/homeostasis?

Answer 7

• 1) Stability is the balance between inputs and outputs
• 2) Complete constancy is not maintained, only narrow range of physiological values
• 3) In negative-feedback systems, change move the variable back toward the initial set point
• 4) Set points can be physiologically raised or lowered
• 5) Not everything can be homeostatically maintained, so variables are ranked in a hierarchy

Question 8

What if our body can not maintain homeostasis

Answer 8

Leads to a pathological condition

Question 9

What happens when our body is faced with maintaining homeostasis

Answer 9

Either compensate and will be good
Either not compensate and will be sick

Question 10

How does our body get us back into homesostais

Answer 10

Local control or Feedback (Response) Loop

Question 11

Local Control

Answer 11

Isolated changed occur within a tissue
Stimulus and control occur within the same area
A response loop in not utilized
-Everything happens where the action is

Question 12

Feedback (response) loops

Answer 12

Long distance communication and coordination
Stimulus and response are not necessarily together

Question 13

Negative Feedback Loop

Answer 13

Regulatory mechanism in which a change is a controlled variable triggers a response that opposes the change
-Response counteracts the stimulus, shutting of the response loop

Question 14

The role of a negative feedback loop

Answer 14

Help us maintain homeostasis

Question 15

How does a negative feedback loop work?

Answer 15

Negative Feedback a stimulus is detected by a sensors in the body. An effector caries out a response that reverses the trend of the stimulus. This response tries to maintain characteristics of the ECF.

Question 16

Does the negative feedback loop bring up back to homeostasis

Answer 16

o The negative feedback loop might not pull us back to the main line but it going to keep us from causing damage.

Question 17

Positive feedback loop

Answer 17

Regulatory mechanism in which a change in a controlled variable triggers a response that continues to drive the variable farther from the steady state

Question 18

What does a positive feedback loop do

Answer 18

Pushed us away from homeostasis

Question 19

Positive Feedback example

Answer 19

 Mother releases oxytocin, open cervix, more releases oxytocin, pushed baby out, stretch cervix, push baby out
 Positive feedback loop occurs and is required for the birth
o Action potential is also positive feedback loops

Question 20

How does a positive feedback get shut off

Answer 20

An outside factor is required to shut off a feedback loop