Chapter 1 5 An Integrative Perspective

Question 1

Selectively incorporating
a variety of interventions from other
therapeutic approaches, but grounded in a single
coherent theoretical system.

Answer 1

Assimilative integration

Question 2

A search for common

elements across different theoretical systems.

Answer 2

Common factors approach

Question 3

The shift toward
adopting therapeutic practices that are grounded
in empirical evidence refl ects a commitment to
“what works, not on what theory applies.”

Answer 3

Evidence-based practice

Question 4

Looks beyond and
across the confi nes of single-school approaches to
see what can be learned from other perspectives.

Answer 4

Psychotherapy integration

Question 5

These play a major
part in the lives and struggles of many people.
Exploring spiritual/religious values, when
deemed important by the client, can enhance the
therapy process.

Answer 5

Spiritual/religious values

Question 6

A practitioner, lacking in knowledge
and skill in selecting interventions, grabs
for anything that seems to work, often making
no attempt to determine whether the therapeutic
procedures are indeed effective.

Answer 6

Syncretism

Question 7

A focus on selecting the best treatment techniques
for the individual and the problem. It
tends to focus on differences, chooses from many
approaches, and is a collection of techniques.

Answer 7

Technical integration (technical eclecticism)

Question 8

A conceptual or theoretical
creation beyond a mere blending of techniques
with the goal of producing a synthesis of
the best aspects of two or more theoretical approaches;
assumes that the combined creation
will be richer than either theory alone

Answer 8

Theoretical integration

Question 9

T F 1. For decades, counselors were resistant
to integration, often to the
point of denying the validity of alternative
theories and of ignoring
effective methods from other theoretical
schools.

Answer 9

t

Question 10

T F 2. As the field of psychotherapy has
matured, the concept of integration
has emerged as a mainstay.

Answer 10

t

Question 11

T F 3. Syncretism occurs when a practitioner,
lacking in knowledge and skill
in selecting interventions, looks for
anything that seems to work.

Answer 11

t

Question 12

T F 4. One of the best known forms of
technical integration is multidimensional
therapy created by Arnold
Lazarus.

Answer 12

f

Question 13

T F 5. Psychotherapy integration stresses
tailoring of interventions to the individual
client, rather than to an
overarching theory.

Answer 13

t

Question 14

T F 6. Although clients’ spiritual and religious
beliefs may be important to
them, it is ethically inappropriate
for clinicians to address these beliefs
in the context of therapy.

Answer 14

f

Question 15

T F 7. Most forms of short-term psychotherapy
are active in nature, collaborative
in relationship, and
integrative in orientation.

Answer 15

t

Question 16

T F 8. Therapeutic goals should always be

specifi c, concrete, and short term.

Answer 16

f

Question 17

T F 9. Evaluating how well psychotherapy

works is relatively simple.

Answer 17

f

Question 18

T F 10. Significant empirical research on
effectiveness has been produced for
all of the major models covered in
this book.

Answer 18

f

Question 19

11. is best characterized by attempts
to look beyond and across
the confines of single-school approaches
to see what can be learned
from other perspectives.
a. Psychotherapy integration
b. Person-centered integration
c. Syncretistic confusion
d. Syncretism

Answer 19

a

Question 20

12. Which of the following is NOT one
of the four most common pathways
toward the integration of psychotherapies?
a. technical integration
b. symbolic integration
c. assimilative integration
d. common factors approach

Answer 20

b

Question 21

13. Which path calls for using techniques
from different schools without necessarily
subscribing to the theoretical
positions that spawned them?
a. technical integration
b. symbolic integration
c. assimilative integration
d. common factors approach

Answer 21

a

Question 22

14. Which of the following therapies
synthesize the best aspects of two or
more theoretical approaches?
a. Dialectical behavior therapy
(DBT)
b. Acceptance and commitment
therapy
c. Emotion-focused therapy
d. All of these

Answer 22

d

Question 23

15. The approach is grounded
in a particular school of psychotherapy,
along with an openness
to selectively incorporate practices
from other therapeutic approaches.
a. technical integration
b. symbolic integration
c. assimilative integration
d. common factors approach

Answer 23

c

Question 24

16. Support, warmth, feedback, reassurance,
and credibility are considered
that have empirically
shown to be curative.
a. common factors
b. techniques
c. theoretical factors
d. symbolic factors

Answer 24

a

Question 25

``` 17. will increasingly become the organizing force for integration. a. Practice-based evidence b. Evidence-based practice c. Theory-based practice d. Theory-based evidence ```

Answer 25

b

Question 26

``` 18. One aspect of integration that is particularly well-suited to taking cultural factors into account is a. syncretism. b. symbolism. c. therapeutic fl exibility. d. transference. ```

Answer 26

c

Question 27

``` 19. Sydney, a grief counselor, mentioned to his colleagues in a peer supervision group that he is open to discussing his clients’ spiritual and religious beliefs with them. What should he say to his colleagues who are skeptical about this practice? a. “My clients’ spiritual and religious beliefs are a major sustaining power that supports them when all else fails. I think it would be unethical for me to overlook this.” b. “I know it is unethical for me to raise these issues during sessions, but my clients don’t seem to mind.” c. “Who are you to question my practices? You are being completely negligent and unethical by not discussing religion with your clients.” d. None of these. ```

Answer 27

a

Question 28

``` 20. Which of the following is NOT a defi ning characteristic of brief therapy? a. clear specifi cation of achievable treatment goals b. emphasis on client’s defi cits and unconscious dynamics c. here-and-now orientation with a primary focus on current functioning in thinking, feeling, and behaving d. clear division of responsibilities between client and therapist ```

Answer 28

b

Question 29

``` 21. What would both cognitive behavior therapists and reality therapists be inclined to say to their clients? a. “I think you are projecting anger on to me that belongs with your mother. Let’s explore that.” b. “Tell me about every part of your dream that you can recall. What do you think your dream is trying to tell you?” c. “What do you think about trying out the new behaviors we discussed today during the week? Can you think of opportunities you may have this week to practice being assertive?” d. “Why don’t you tell your mother that she has a toxic effect on you every time she compares you to your sister. And feel free to tell her that your therapist thinks so too!” ```

Answer 29

c

Question 30

``` 22. Which of the following approaches does NOT emphasize the personal relationship as the crucial determinant of treatment outcomes? a. The existential approach b. The person-centered approach c. The Gestalt approach d. The behavioral approach ```

Answer 30

d

Question 31

``` 23. Eliza considers herself an Adlerian therapist, Julie regards herself as a feminist therapist, and Kyle specializes in cognitive behavioral therapy. What must all three therapists do regardless of their theoretical orientation? a. They must decide what relationship style to adopt with each client. b. They must decide what techniques, procedures, or intervention methods to use in each case. c. They must decide when to use certain techniques, procedures, or intervention methods, and with which clients. d. All of these. ```

Answer 31

d

Question 32

``` 24. Most outcome studies in counseling have been conducted by researchers affi liated with a. behavior and cognitive therapy and person-centered therapy b. narrative therapy c. psychodrama d. gestalt therapy ```

Answer 32

a

Question 33

``` 25. Research evidence from meta-analyses has demonstrated that psychotherapy is a. not effective at all. b. somewhat effective. c. moderately effective. d. remarkably effective. ```

Answer 33

d