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Microbiology > Chapter 11 > Flashcards

Chapter 11 Flashcards

1
Q

the acquisition of the pathogen, or its transition into pathogenicity

A

Infection

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2
Q

the time between infection and the
arrival of the first symptoms

A

Incubation

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3
Q

This stage of disease, when generalized, mild
symptoms arise

A

Prodromal period

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4
Q

when symptoms are most evident—this is
the time the disease is usually identified

A

Illness

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5
Q

when treatment and/or the immune
system work to combat the disease limiting/ destroying it

A

Decline

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6
Q

the recovery from the disease

A

Convalescence

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7
Q

Diseases spread by animals

A

Zoonotic diseases

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8
Q

Transmission of zoonotic diseases can occur through these four ways

A
  • Eating infected animal meat
  • contact w/ animal waste
  • animal bites
  • biological vectors
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9
Q

a person affected by a condition but producing or showing no symptoms of it is called

A

asymptomatic

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10
Q

diseases that arise when a patient is
hospitalized for something else are called:

A

Nosocomial infections

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11
Q

when pathogens are spread by people or
by objects that people touch

A

Contact transmission

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12
Q

What is the method of transmission meaning person-to- person?

A

Direct Contact

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13
Q

What is the method of transmission done via inanimate objects
that transmit the pathogens?

A

Indirect Contact

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14
Q

What is the method of transmission that can occur if two people are very close when one coughs or sneezes?

A

Droplet transmission

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15
Q

When pathogens are spread by a nonliving intermediate

A

Vehicle transmission

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16
Q

the spread of a pathogen
through an intermediate animal i.e. an insect

A

Vector transmission

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17
Q

when the pathogen
reproduces within the vector

A

Biological Vectors

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18
Q

when the pathogen
doesn’t reproduce within the vector, but the
vector physically moves the pathogen

A

Mechanical Vectors

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19
Q

What is Epidemiology?

A

the study of the frequency and
distribution of disease and other health-related factors in a population

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20
Q

This disease can produce a set of toxins that cause a massive immune reaction.
(Name of disease and bacteria name)

A

Toxic shock syndrome and name is Staphylococcus aureus.

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21
Q

Name 6 symptoms of S. aureus

A

Fever, vomting, rash, rapid blood pressure loss, and loss old skin

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22
Q

What are the treatments for toxic shock syndrome?

A

Antibiotics (that aren’t beta-lactams)
Prevent organ failure!

23
Q

This disease is hemolytic gram-positive bacterium that can lead to several diseases, such as scarlet fever and Rheumatic fever.
(Name of disease and bacteria)

A

Pharyngitis and Streptococcus pyogenes (strep throat)

24
Q

What are the symptoms of strep throat?

A

Swollen lymph nodes, inflammation of that back of the pharynx, and puss-filled abscesses covering the tonsils.

25
Q

What is the treatment for S. pyogenes

A

long term antibiotics.

26
Q

What disease cause ingestion of the toxin.
(Name of disease and Bacteria)

A

Botulism Clostridium botulinum

27
Q

What are the symptom’s of C. botulinum

A

Blurred vision, dizziness, dry mouth, progressive paralysis, and possibly death

28
Q

What are the treatments?

A

Repeated washing of the intestinal tract to remove Clostridium, antibodies to neutralize toxins, and antibiotics in infant infections.

29
Q

This disease is an anaerobic gram-positive spore-forming rod that leads to a disease known as pseudomembranous colitis.
(Name of bacteria)

A

Clostridium difficile

30
Q

What are the symptoms of C. difficile?

A

Inflammation and possible necrosis of the colon walls.

31
Q

What is the treatment of C. difficile?

A

Stronger antibiotics and fecal transplant

32
Q

This disease is gram positive, acid fast aerobic bacillus.
(name of disease and bacteria)

A

Tuberculosis and Mycobacterium tuberculosis

33
Q

What is the symptoms of tuberculosis?

A

persistent productive cough, frequently with blood in the sputum, fever, weakness, and more symptom’s.

34
Q

What is the treatment for tuberculosis?

A

Long-term antibiotic.

35
Q

This diseases is a non-motile, aerobic gram-negative coccobacillus.
(name of disease and bacteria)

A

Whooping cough and Bordetella pertussis

36
Q

What is the symptoms of whooping cough?

A

difficulty breathing, broken ribs, exhaustion, vomiting, and cold-like.

37
Q

What is the treatment for whooping cough?

A

Vaccination is prevention, individual symptoms.

38
Q

This disease is a thin, gram-negative spirochete. Its a sexually transmitted infection that has three major stages.
(name of disease and bacteria)

A

Syphilis and Treponema pallidum

39
Q

What are the 3 major stages of syphilis?

A

Primary syphilis (Chancre), Secondary syphilis, Tertiary syphilis.

40
Q

What is the symptoms of primary syphilis?

A

This is frequently painless and may not be noticed.

41
Q

What is the symptoms of secondary syphilis?

A

Whole body rash, fever, headaches, and sore throat.

42
Q

What is the symptoms of Tertiary syphilis?

A

benign tumors, liver, skin, bone, and cartilage. Painful but not fatal.

43
Q

What is the treatments of syphilis?

A

Antibiotics and prevention

44
Q

This disease is a gram-negative aerobic diplococcus and is sexually transmitted disease with different symptoms in men and women.
(name of disease and bacteria)

A

Gonorrhea and Neisseria gonorrhea

45
Q

What are the symptoms of Gonorrhea?

A

Males: painful urination, pus, infertility.
Females: Asymptomatic, pelvic inflammatory disease, and genital tract.

46
Q

What is the treatment for Gonorrhea?

A

Antibiotics such as cephalosporins.

47
Q

This disease is an enteric bacterium that is the causative agent and is from squirrels.
(name of disease and bacteria)

A

Bubonic plague and Yersinia pestis

48
Q

What are the symptoms of the bubonic plague?

A

high fever and swollen lymph nodes.

49
Q

What is the treatment of the bubonic plague?

A

Antibiotics.

50
Q

What are the symptoms of Hepatitis?

A

Jaundice, abdominal distress, bleeding into skin and internal organs, and chronic inflammation leading to cirrhosis

51
Q

What is the treatment for Hepatitis?

A

Vaccination

52
Q

What are the stages of disease?

A

1)Infection
2)Incubation
3)Prodromal period
4)Illness
5)Decline
6)Convalescence

53
Q

What are the methods of transmission?

A

1)Contact transmission
2)Direct contact
3)Droplet transmission
4)Vehicle transmission
5) Airborne transmission
6)waterborne transmission
7) food borne transmission
8)bodily fluid transmission
9)vector transmission

54
Q

Name the 2 types of vectors?

A

Biological vectors and mechanical vectors.

Microbiology (16 decks)

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