Chapter 11

Question 1

A 19th century monk who began the scientific study of inheritance through his breeding of pea plants

Answer 1

Gregor Mendel

Question 2

Transmission of genetic info from parent to offspring, follows predictable patterns

Answer 2

Heredity

Question 3

The science of heredity; studying genetic similarities and variation, differences between parents and offspring or among individuals of a population

Answer 3

Genetics

Question 4

Plants and animals who are offspring of two genetically dissimilar parents

Answer 4

Hybrid

Question 5

All hybrid plants that are offspring of genetically pure parents are ____ in appearance

Answer 5

Similar

Question 6

When hybrids mate with each other, they do not breed true; ______

Answer 6

Offspring show a mixture of traits

Question 7

The physical appearance of an organism

Answer 7

Phenotype

Question 8

The genetic make up

Answer 8

Genotype

Question 9

The parental generation are genetically pure individuals

Answer 9

P generation

Question 10

The first generation of offspring all looked alike and resembled one of the two parents

Answer 10

F1 Generation

Question 11

The second generation resulted from a cross between F1 individuals or by self pollination of F1 individuals

Answer 11

F2 generation

Question 12

Units of heredity that affect an organism’s traits

Answer 12

Genes

Question 13

A DNA sequence in a chromosome that contains the information to make an RNA or protein product with a specific function

Answer 13

Genes

Question 14

The site a gene occupies in the chromosome

Answer 14

Lucus

Question 15

Different forms of a particular gene which occupy corresponding loci on homologous chromosomes

Answer 15

Alleles

Question 16

Two identical Alleles

Answer 16

Homozygous

Question 17

Two different Alleles

Answer 17

Heterozygous

Question 18

A cross between homozygous parents with different alleles

Answer 18

Monohybrid

Question 19

Parents differ at two loci

Answer 19

Dihybrid cross

Question 20

A grid arrangement that shows the possible combinations of alleles

Answer 20

Punnet Square

Question 21

Cross an individual of unknown genotype with a recessive individual to determine the unknown genotype

Answer 21

Test Cross

Question 22

Assume genes are linearly arranged in specific locations along chromosomes

Answer 22

Chromosomes theory of inheritance

Question 23

He and his students demonstrated genes are arranged in a linear order on each chromosome

Answer 23

Thomas Hunt Morgan

Question 24

The sex of humans and other mammals is determined by the sex chromosomes

Answer 24

X and Y

Question 25

Normal females have ____ chromosomes

Answer 25

XX

Question 26

Normal males have ______ chromosomes

Answer 26

XY

Question 27

____ chromosome contains important genes unrelated to sex determination required for both sexes

Answer 27

X

Question 28

____ chromosome determines male sex in mammals

Answer 28

Y

Question 29

_____ gene on the Y chromosome is the genetic switch causing testes to develop in the fetus

Answer 29

SRY

Question 30

A mechanism that allows males and females to produce the same amounts of proteins coded by X-linked genes

Answer 30

Dosage Compensation

Question 31

A dense, metabolically inactive X chromosome

Answer 31

Barr Body

Question 32

The heterozygote is intermediate in phenotype

Answer 32

Incomplete dominance

Question 33

The heterozygote simultaneously express phenotypes of both homozygotes

Answer 33

Codominance

Question 34

The ability of one gene to have several effects on different characters

Answer 34

Pleiotrophy

Question 35

An allele of one locus can mask the expression of alleles of a different locus and express their own phenotype instead

Answer 35

Epistasis

Question 36

The range of phenotypic possibilities that can develop from a single genotype under different environmental conditions

Answer 36

Norm of Reaction

Question 37

What is the Dihybrid ratio?

Answer 37

9:3:3:1

Question 38

The paired genes separate prior to the formation of reproductive cells

Answer 38

Principle of segregation

Question 39

Each factor is passed to the next generation independently from all other factors

Answer 39

Principle of independent assortment

Question 40

Chromosomes swapping genetic information at the synaspe

Answer 40

Cross over

Question 41

What are mitotic spindles made of >

Answer 41

Microtubles

Question 42

Exchange of genetic information

Answer 42

Cross over

Question 43

Which cross is F1 Offspring

Answer 43

Dihybrid cross