Chapter 7

Question 1

Enthalpy

Answer 1

Total Potential Energy

Question 2

Entrophy

Answer 2

The measure of the disorder or randomness of energy

Question 3

1st Law of Thermodynamics

Answer 3

Energy cannot be created or destroyed

Energy can be transferred or converted from one form to another, including conversions between matter and energy

Question 4

2nd Law of Thermodynamics

Answer 4

When energy is converted from one form to another, some usable energy (energy available to do work) is converted into heat that disperses into the surroundings

Question 5

Enzyme

Answer 5

Increase speed of a chemical reaction without being consumed by the reaction

Question 6

Endergonic

Answer 6

A reaction in which there is a gain of free energy; Positive

Question 7

Exergonic

Answer 7

Releases energy and is a downhill reaction from higher to lower free energy; Negative; a certain about of activation energy required to initiate every reaction

Question 8

Redox

Answer 8

Substance gains electrons; transfer of a hydrogen atom

Question 9

Oxidation

Answer 9

Substance looses electrons

Question 10

Electron Carriers

Answer 10

NAD, FAD and Cytochromes

Question 11

Metabolic Pathway

Answer 11

The product of one enzyme-controlled reaction serves as substrate for the next in series of reactions

Question 12

Allosteric Inhibitors

Answer 12

Keep the enzyme in its inactive shape

Question 13

Metabolism

Answer 13

All chemical reactions taking place in an organism

Question 14

Anabolism

Answer 14

Pathways in which complex molecules are synthesized from simpler substances

Question 15

Catabolism

Answer 15

Pathways in which larger molecules are broken down into smaller ones

Question 16

Enthalpy

Answer 16

Total potential energy

Question 17

Allosteric Activators

Answer 17

Result in a functional active site

Question 18

Catabolism

Answer 18

Releases energy by splitting complex molecules into smaller components

Question 19

Anabolism

Answer 19

Synthesis of complex molecules from simpler building blocks

Question 20

Aerobic Cellular Respiration

Answer 20

Catabolic processes convert energy in chemical bonds of nutrients to chemical energy stored in ATP

Question 21

Anarobic Respiration

Answer 21

Does not require oxygen

Question 22

Fermentation

Answer 22

Does not require oxygen, does not require ETC

Question 23

Substrate

Answer 23

What the enzyme acts upon

Question 24

Gycolysis takes place in the _____

Answer 24

Cytosol

Question 25

In Gycolysis it yields ______

Answer 25

2 Pyruvates (carbon molecules) 2 ATP 2 NADH

Question 26

In the Formation of Acetyl CoA it yields_______

Answer 26

2 NADH 2 CO2 2 Acetyl - No ATP

Question 27

Krebs Cycle (TCA) (Citric Acid) takes place in the

Answer 27

Mitochondria

Question 28

In the Kreb cycle, acetyl CoA bonds to ______

Answer 28

Oxaloacetate

Question 29

1 Turn of the Kreb Cycle yields ______

Answer 29

1 FADH2 3 NADH 2 CO2 1 ATP

Question 30

2 Turns of the Kreb Cycle yields ____________

Answer 30

2 FADH2 6 NADH 4 CO2 2 ATP

Question 31

Purpose of the Kreb Cycle is to ____

Answer 31

Metabolize glucose and produce NADH and FADH2

Question 32

What type of reactions is the ETC?

Answer 32

Redox

Question 33

Complex I

Answer 33

Accepts electrons from NADH and transfers to ubiquinone

Question 34

Complex II

Answer 34

Accepts electrons from FADH2 and transfers to ubiquinone

Question 35

Complex III

Answer 35

Accepts electrons from reduced ubiquinone and pass them to cytochrome c

Question 36

Complex IV

Answer 36

Cytochrome transfers to oxygen forming water

Question 37

Complex V

Answer 37

Protons diffuse from the inter-membrane space to the matrix through the enzyme complex ATP synthase

Question 38

An entire Aerobic respiration produces

Answer 38

4 ATP 10 NADH 2 FADH2

Question 39

ETC yeilds

Answer 39

1 NADH 3 ATP FADH2

Question 40

Photons

Answer 40

Light is composed of small paritcles or packets

Question 41

Mesophyll can be found in

Answer 41

Chloroplasts

Question 42

Stomata

Answer 42

Where gas exchange occurs

Question 43

Photosynthesis is divided in two phases

Answer 43

Light dependent reactions and Carbon fixation reactions (Independent)

Question 44

Light Dependent

Answer 44

Photosystems 2 - 680 ; Hydrolysis and oxygen is released

Question 45

Light dependent is cyclic or noncyclic?

Answer 45

Noncyclic

Question 46

Carbon fixation

Answer 46

Fixing carbons | Also known as the calvin cycle

Question 47

Purpose of Carbon fixation

Answer 47

Make sugar

Question 48

In Calvin cycle CO2 binds with

Answer 48

RuBp

Question 49

Light dependent reactions yield ____

Answer 49

6 O2 12 NADPH 18 ATP

Question 50

Noncyclic Electron Transport produce

Answer 50

ATP and NADH

Question 51

Photosystem I

Answer 51

Makes ATP

Question 52

Cyclic transport

Answer 52

uses PS 1

Question 53

Calvin Cycle is cyclic or noncyclic?

Answer 53

Cyclic

Question 54

Caleries per gram for proteins is

Answer 54

4

Question 55

Calories per gram for carbs

Answer 55

4

Question 56

Calories per gram for lipids is

Answer 56

9