Chapter 11

Question 1

5 forces of attraction

Answer 1

1) Electrostatic (ionic)—>metal/nonmetal (+/-)
2) Network covalent
3) Hydrogen bonding
4) Dipole-dipole (polar)
5) Dispersion (non-polar/London)

Question 2

physical properties

Answer 2

physical state (g, l, s)
boiling point
melting point
viscosity (how fast liquid travels)
capillary action
vapor-pressure (higher BP=lower VP)
surface tension

Question 3

the greater the intermolecular force the greater the ______

Answer 3

physcial property (EXCEPT FOR VAPOR PRESSURE)

Question 4

vapor pressure

Answer 4

is the amount of gas present above a liquid substance (same molecule)

Question 5

boiling point

Answer 5

occurs when the vapor presure equals the atmospheric pressure

Question 6

dispersion forces

Answer 6

are present in all covalent molecules but are the weakest generally. These are present in non-polar molecules. Results from instantaneous dipoles.

Question 7

dipole-dipole

Answer 7

force resultant from permanent dipoles–>polar molecules

Question 8

dipole-dipole vs dispersion

Answer 8

dipole-dipole is stronger force than dispersion UNLESS the molecular mass of the dispersion molecule is 3x heavier then the dipole-dipole

Question 9

dipole-dipole vs dipole-dipole

Answer 9

the heavier molecule (greater molecular mass) will have stronger forces

Question 10

dispersion vs dispersion

Answer 10

the heavier the molecule the stronger its dispersion forces

-if the same molecular mass, the molecule with the greater surface area will have stronger dispersion forces

Question 11

hydrogen bonding

Answer 11

always stronger then dispersion and dipole-dipole. results from an O’s or N’s lone pair being attracted to a δ+ H-atom attatched to an O-Hδ+ or N-Hδ+

Question 12

list bonding types in order of strongest to weakest

Answer 12

H-Bonding>Dipole-Dipole>Dispersion

all of these bonding types deal with light molecules. Molecular mass< 500g/mol

Question 13

electrostatic-ionic

Answer 13

1) greater charge
2) smaller size
=greater electrostatic force

Question 14

network covalent

Answer 14

much like an ionic lattice framework, but this is a covalent network. Good example is a diamond

Question 15

forces trend

Answer 15

elextrostatic (ionic)~Network Covalent»>H-Bonding>dipole-dipole>dispersion