Chapter E

Question 1

chemistry

Answer 1

the study of matter

Question 2

matter

Answer 2

made up of molecules and compounds
we are surrounded by matter
matter has three states: solid liquid and gas

Question 3

matter is spilt into two groups

Answer 3

Pure and mixture

Question 4

pure matter is split into two groups

Answer 4

elements and compounds/molecules

Question 5

mixture matter can be split into two groups

Answer 5

homogeneous and heterogeneous

Question 6

homogeneous

Answer 6

a solution where you visually cannot tell that it is a mixture…no layers…no difference in phases

Question 7

heterogeneous

Answer 7

a solution where you visually can tell that it is a mixture…layers…more than one phase

Question 8

two types of change that can occur:

Answer 8

physical change and chemical change

Question 9

physical change

Answer 9

never really changing the molecules/element but instead the phase of that element

Question 10

chemical change

Answer 10

breaking/forming or bonds, changing molecules into new molecules

Question 11

mass

Answer 11

grams (g)

Question 12

volume

Answer 12

liter (L) liquid

Question 13

length

Answer 13

meters (m)

Question 14

temperature

Answer 14

kelvin (K) and celsius (C)

Question 15

time

Answer 15

seconds (s)

Question 16

frequency

Answer 16

Hertz (Hz)

Question 17

pressure

Answer 17

atmospheres (atm), millimeters of mercury (mmHg), torr (torr)

Question 18

energy

Answer 18

joules (J)

Question 19

absolute zero

Answer 19

the idea that it is when all molecular motion stops (thermodynamic standpoint)

Question 20

accuracy

Answer 20

how close we can get to the actual/true value of measurement, depends on how accurate (how many digits) the instrument we are using is

Question 21

precision

Answer 21

how repetitive can that measurement be using the instrument multiple times

Question 22

significant figures

Answer 22

significant figures tell you about the types of measurements
last value written in measurements are always an estimate

Question 23

sig fig rules: zero’s

Answer 23

1) Zero’s in the middle of a value are always significant
2) Zero’s at the start of the value (left) are never significant
3) Zero’s at the end of the value (right) are significant if there is a decimal point

Question 24

Sig fig rules: placement

Answer 24

the placement of decimal points in going from one unit of measurement to another (greek prefixes) does not change the number of sig figs in the measurement

Question 25

Sig fig rules: addition/subtraction

Answer 25

the number of sig figs is determined by the least accurate value (not number of sig figs)

Question 26

sig fig rules: multiplication/division

Answer 26

answer after calc has same number of sig figs as measurement with the fewest sig fig digits

Question 27

what is dimensional analysis

Answer 27

- a way of viewing hot to change units from one to another | - using a numerator/denominator motif to show how units cancel out during a conversion to new units

Question 28

density

Answer 28

an intrinsic property of an element or compound (molecule that relates its mass to its volume. It is temperature dependent