Chapter 11 Elements

Question 1

what do squares on the periodic table show

Answer 1

shows the atomic number, atomic mass, chemical symbol, & chemical name

Question 2

What can the periodic table may also show

Answer 2

may also show state of matter and energy levels of electrons

Question 3

how is the periodic tbale organanized

Answer 3

the table is organized by increasing atomic number which is also the number of protons in the nucleus

Question 4

what do columns (aka: families or groups) conatin

Answer 4

contain elements with similar chemical properties

Question 5

what are the three groups that all elements are divided into

Answer 5

metals, nonmetals, and metalloids

Question 6

where are metals on the periodic table

Answer 6

on the left and center (75%) of all

Question 7

where are nonmetals on the periodic table

Answer 7

on the far right

Question 8

where are metalloids on the periodic table

Answer 8

along a zigzag line between metal and nonmetals

Question 9

are pure elements common in nature

Answer 9

no, pure elements are not common in nature

Question 10

what do atoms do in nature

Answer 10

atoms will combine and form compunds

Question 11

what is a chemical bond

Answer 11

a force that holds 2 or more atoms together

Question 12

in an uncarged atom, how many positive protons and negative elecrons are there

Answer 12

there is an equal number of positively charged protons as there are negatively charged electrons

Question 13

where is the exact location of electrons in an unchraged atom

Answer 13

the exact location is not known but they exist in regions around the nucleus

Question 14

do different electrons have different amounts of energy

Answer 14

yes

Question 15

what are ENERGY LEVELS

Answer 15

the electron moves around the nucleus at a distance that relates to its energy

Question 16

where are the lowest energy levels

Answer 16

are those closest to the nucleus, and increase as the distance from the nucleus increases.

Question 17

look at the structure of atoms

Answer 17

(lewis dot structure, bhor diarams)

Question 18

what could you compare the relationship of a electron to their nucleus to

Answer 18

to a magnet

Question 19

how are the lower energy levels, closest to the nucleus, held to the nucleus

Answer 19

held very strongly to the nucleus

Question 20

how are electrons farther away from the nucleus held to the nucleus

Answer 20

held very weakly to the nucleus

Question 21

that can happen to weakly attached electrons

Answer 21

these electrons can be pulled towards the nucleus of other atoms(causes the chemical bond)

Question 22

what are valence electrons

Answer 22

the outermost electrons involved in chemical bonding

Question 23

which electrons have the most energy of all electrons in an atom

Answer 23

valence electrons

Question 24

what can the number of valence electrons help deterimine

Answer 24

can help deterimne the type and number of bonds it can form

Question 25

how can the number of valence electrons be determined

Answer 25

can be determined by its location on the periodic table

Question 26

study how many valence electrons are in each grop

Answer 26

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Question 27

transition metals dont follow the valence electron pattern

Answer 27

yes

Question 28

what is an electron dot diagram

Answer 28

a model that shows the valence elctrons of an element

Question 29

what does an electron dot diagram use to make the diaram

Answer 29

used the chemical symbol and a pattern of dots

Question 30

what can an electron dot diagram be used to predict

Answer 30

can be used to predict the type and number of bonds that an element will make

Question 31

will every element in a group have the same electron dot diagram

Answer 31

yes

Question 32

look at electron dot diagrans

Answer 32

and figure out how to make one

Question 33

how are elemnts in the last colum-noble gases- have different valence electrons

Answer 33

the noble gases have complete valence shells

Question 34

all valence electrons are in____

Answer 34

pairs

Question 35

why do valence electrons not easily react with other atoms

Answer 35

because they are already chemically stable

Question 36

how many valence elctrons does an elemnt need to become chemically unstabke

Answer 36

1-7 valence electrons

Question 37

in forming bonds, what will atoms do to become more chemically stable

Answer 37

atoms will gain, lose or share valence electrons

Question 38

what is an element

Answer 38

a pure substance made up of one kind of atom

Question 39

what is a compund

Answer 39

a pure substance made up of 2 or more different electrons

Question 40

the elemnts that make up compunds have different what from eachother

Answer 40

the elements that make up compunds have different physical and chemicall properties from each other

Question 41

what are compunds held together by

Answer 41

chemical bonds

Question 42

how is a chemical bond formed

Answer 42

formed when 2 atoms share 1 or more pairs of valence electrons

Question 43

each covalent bond conatins 2 valence electrons, where are these 2 from

Answer 43

one from each element

Question 44

look at shared elctrons

Answer 44

orange note in notebook

Question 45

how does a single covalant bond exist

Answer 45

exists when atoms share one pair of electrons

Question 46

what whould happen if atoms share multiple valence electrons

Answer 46

they have multiple bonds

Question 47

look at multiple bonds

Answer 47

green sticky note in notebook

Question 48

what are some of the many different covalant compunds

Answer 48

carbon dioxide, water, sugar, but they share some similar properties

Question 49

what are some of the same properties that covalant bonds share

Answer 49

low melting points, low boiling points, most are gases or liquids at room temp, poor conductors of heat, poor conductors of electricity

Question 50

what do covalent compunds form

Answer 50

molecules

Question 51

what are molecules

Answer 51

a group of atoms held together by covalant bonding that acts as an independant unit