Chapter 11 Gene Expression

Question 1

Gene expression

Answer 1

The activation or turning on of a gene that results transcription and prod. of mRNA

Question 2

Genome

Answer 2

The complete genetic material contained in an individual

Question 3

Where did Scientists first study gene expression

Answer 3

Prokaryotes

Question 4

What does lactose act as in E. Coli

Answer 4

Disaccharide or promoter

Question 5

Structural Gene

Answer 5

Genes that code for polypeptides

Question 6

Promoter

Answer 6

DNA segment that is recognized by the enzyme RNA Polymerase

Question 7

Operator

Answer 7

DNA segment that serves as a kind of switch

Question 8

Operon

Answer 8

Series of genes that code for specific products and the regulatory elements that control these genes

Question 9

Repressor protien

Answer 9

A protein that inhibits genes from being expressed

Question 10

Regulator genes

Answer 10

Genes that code for Repressor Proteins

Question 11

What happens when lactose is present in an E. Coli cell

Answer 11

Lactose binds to the repressor proteins

Question 12

Inducer

Answer 12

A molecule that initiates gene expression

Question 13

Euchromatin

Answer 13

The site of active transcription of DNA into RNA

Question 14

Introns

Answer 14

Sections of a structure gene that are transcribed but are not translated

Question 15

Extrons

Answer 15

The sections of a structural gene that when expressed are transcribed and translated

Question 16

Where does transcription occur in Eukaryotes

Answer 16

Nucleus

Question 17

Pre-mRNA

Answer 17

A form of messenger RNA that contains both introns and extrons

Question 18

Transcription factors

Answer 18

Regulatory proteins in eukaryotes

Question 19

Enhancers

Answer 19

Transcription factors that bind sequences of DNA

Question 20

Cell differentiation

Answer 20

development of cells that have specialized functions

Question 21

Homeotic genes

Answer 21

Regulatory genes that determine where certain anatomical structures

Question 22

Homeobox

Answer 22

DNA sequence within a homeotic gene

Question 23

Proto oncogenes

Answer 23

Can regulate cell growth, cell division

Question 24

Oncogene

Answer 24

A gene that can cause uncontrolled cell profilliation

Question 25

Tumor

Answer 25

An abnormal proliferation of cells

Question 26

Cancer

Answer 26

Uncontrolled growth of cells that can invade other parts of the body

Question 27

Tumor-Suppressor genes

Answer 27

Genes that act as "brakes" to suppress tumor formation

Question 28

Metastasis

Answer 28

The spread of cancer cells beyond their original site

Question 29

Carcinogen

Answer 29

Any substance that can induce or promote cancer

Question 30

Carcinomas

Answer 30

Grow in the skin and the tissues that line the organs of the body

Question 31

Sarcomas

Answer 31

Grow in bone and muscle tissue

Question 32

Lymphomas

Answer 32

Solid tumors that grow in the tissues of the lymphatic system

Question 33

Leukemia

Answer 33

The uncontrolled production of white blood cells