Chapter 11 - Sex & Gender

Question 1

biological classification based on sex chromosomes contained in DNA

Answer 1

sex

Question 2

exist as an unmatched pair in males

Answer 2

X and Y chromosomes

Question 3

exist as a matched par in females

Answer 3

X chromosomes

Question 4

set of behaviors and characteristics that define individuals as boy and men or girls and women in society

Answer 4

gender

Question 5

first sex organs to develop; identical in male and female fetuses for the first four weeks of prenatal development

Answer 5

gonads

Question 6

the precursor of female sex organs

Answer 6

Mullerian system

Question 7

the precursor or male sex organs

Answer 7

Wolffian system

Question 8

male hormones

Answer 8

androgens

Question 9

consist of the penis and scrotum in males and the labia, clitoris, and external vagina in females

Answer 9

external genetalia

Question 10

condition in which a genetically male fetus’ receptors for androgens fail to function, resulting in the development of external female genetalia

Answer 10

androgen insensitivity syndrome

Question 11

an androgen that is the principle male hormone

Answer 11

testosterone

Question 12

a person’t sense of being a boy or girl, man or woman

Answer 12

gender identity

Question 13

refers to those people who are born with nonstandard male or female genitals

Answer 13

intersex

Question 14

refers to boys and men who show traditionally masculine behavior, and girls and women who show traditionally feminine traits and behaviors

Answer 14

gender typed

Question 15

people who are neither specifically masculine or femenine

Answer 15

androgynous

Question 16

a condition in which a person feels he or she was born with the body of the wrong sex

Answer 16

gender identity disorder

Question 17

a person who has had sex reassignment surgery

Answer 17

transgender

Question 18

emphasizes the role of cognition in motivation and the importance of expectations in shaping behavior

Answer 18

social learning theory

Question 19

states that the process of gender differentiation begins at a very young age; as children develop the schemas for other things around them, they also develop a schema for their gender and adjust their behavior to align to it

Answer 19

gender schema theory

Question 20

expectations about the way men and women behave

Answer 20

gender roles

Question 21

widely help concept about a person or group of people that is based only on gender

Answer 21

gender stereotype

Question 22

consists of prejudice and unfair treatment against men or women based on gender stereotypes

Answer 22

sexism

Question 23

acceptance or positive stereotypes or favorable biased behavior that propagates unfairness and inequalities based on gender

Answer 23

benevolent sexism

Question 24

phenomenon in which males are more likely than females to guess at answers to difficult questions rather than reveal their uncertainty

Answer 24

male answer syndrome

Question 25

described enduring sexual attraction toward members or our own sex, the other sex, or both

Answer 25

sexual orientation

Question 26

the degree to which the sex drive is shaped by cultural, social, and situational factors

Answer 26

erotic plasticity