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HLST124: Microbiology > Chapter 11: The Prokaryotes; Eubacteria > Flashcards

Chapter 11: The Prokaryotes; Eubacteria Flashcards

(168 cards)

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1
Q

what are the 5 major divisions of Gram Negative bacteria

A
  1. Alpha
  2. Beta
  3. Gamma
  4. Delta
  5. Campylobacterota / Epislon
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2
Q

what is an example of alpha bacteria

A

Risksettia ricksetti

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3
Q

what does Risksettia ricksetti cause

A

rocky mountain spotted fever
- effects cardiovascular system

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4
Q

how is Riskettia richsetti spread

A

through insect and tick bites
- parasites

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5
Q

what shape is Rickettsia ricksettii

A
  • rod or coccobacillus
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6
Q

is ricksettsia ricksetti areobic or anaerobic

A

areobic

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7
Q

Ricksettsia ricketti the full picture

A

ALPHA
- rod or coccobacillus
- aerobic
- spread through parasites
- causes: rocky mountain spotted fever

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8
Q

what are two examples of Beta

A
  • Bordetella pertussis
  • Neisseria species
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9
Q

Bordetella pertussis full picture

A

BETA
- rods
- aerobic
- contain capsule
- casues whopping cough

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10
Q

what does Bordetella pertussis cause

A

whopping cough

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11
Q

what shape is Bordetella pertussis

A

rod

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12
Q

what does Bordetella pertussis contain

A

a capsule

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13
Q

is Bordetella pertussis aerobic or anaerobic

A

aerobic

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14
Q

what are the tow Nesseria species

A
  • Nesseria meningitidis
  • Nesseria gonnorhea
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15
Q

Neisseria full picture

A

BETA
- diplococci
- aerobic
- contains a capsule

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16
Q

what shape is Neisseria

A

diplococci

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17
Q

what does Neisseria meningitides cause

A

menigitis

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18
Q

what does Neisseria gonnorhea cause

A

gonnorhea

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19
Q

what special feature does Neisseria gonnorhea contain

A

has fimbrae

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20
Q

What are the 5 dividions of Gamma bacteria

A
  • psedomonodales
  • legionellales
  • vibrionales
  • enterobacteriale
  • pasteruellales
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21
Q

what are the two examples of pseudomonodales

A
  • pseudomonas aerginosa
  • pseudomonas moraxellla lacunata
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22
Q

what shape is pseudomonas aerginosa

A

rod

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23
Q

what does pseudomonas aerginosa contain

A

flangells (mono or lopho)

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24
Q

pseudomonas aerginosa secretes

A

pigment (blue or green)
- pus in burn patients

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25
what does pseudomonas aerginosa cause
- UTI's, septiemic - conjectivitis (pink eye) - an psycotrophic organism
26
psycotrophic organsism
casues food spoliage
27
pseudomonas aerginosa the full picture
GAMMA rods - flagella (mono or lopho) - secretes pigment (blue or green) - can cause UTI's, septiemic - causes conjectivitis - psycotrophic organsim
28
what shape is p. moxella lacunta
coccobacillus
29
what does p. moxella lacunta cause
pink eye
30
p. moxella lacunta the full picture
GAMMA - coccobacillus - pink eye
31
whata re the two examples of leginellates
- leginella pneumophile - coxiella burnellia
32
what shape is Legionella pneumophilia
rod
33
how is Legionella pneumophilia spread
through water - AC units, humidifiers, shower heads
34
what does Legionella pneumophilia cause
-leginellars disease (fatal) - pentilic fever
35
Legionella pneumophilia the full picture
GAMMA - rod - spread through water - casues leginellar disease and pentilic fever
36
what does Coxiella Burnetii contain
endospores
37
what shape is Coxiella Burnetii
rod
38
how is Coxiella Burnetii spread
animals
39
Coxiella Burnetii the full picture
GAMMA endospores - rods - spread through animals - causes Q fever
40
what does Coxiella Burnetii cause
Q fever
41
what are characteristics of enteribacteriales
- rods - faccutalivly ananerobic - Entric - flagella (peri) - pilus - produce bacterialocin
42
what does entric mean
loves intestine
43
what are the examples of enteriobacteriales
- Escherichia coli - Salmonella enterica - Salmonella typhi - Shigella dysenteriae
44
Escherichia coli
- lab pet - agencies --> "coliform bacteria"
45
what does Escherichia coli cause
- travellers diarrehea - UTI's (70-75%) - food infection - Hemolytic Uremic Syndrom (HUS)
46
Escherichia coli the full picture
GAMMA - rods - factatativly anaerobic - Entric - flagella (peri) - pilus - produce bacterialocin - lab pet - agencies -->"coliform bacteria" - casues:- travellers diarrehea , UTI's (70-75%), food infection, Hemolytic Uremic Syndrom (HUS)
47
Salmonella enterica is caused by
food sources
48
Salmonella enterica efffects the
intestinal tract
49
Salmonella enterica the full picture
GAMMA - rods - faccutalivly ananerobic - Entric (loves the intestine) - flagella (peri) - pilus - produce bacterialocin - caused by food sources
50
Salmonella typhi is cuased by a
human carrier - lifelong - effects gullbladder
51
Salmonella typhi the full picture
GAMMA - rods - faccutalivly ananerobic - Entric (loves the intestine) - flagella (peri) - pilus - produce bacterialocin - caused by a human carrier
52
Shigella dysenteriae releases
shegi toxin
53
Shigella dysenteriae is common in
daycares
54
Shigella dysenteriae the full picture
GAMMA - rods - faccutalivly ananerobic - Entric (loves the intestine) - flagella (peri) - pilus - produce bacterialocin - produce shegi toxin - common in daycares
55
What is an example of pasteurellales
Haemophilus influenzae
56
what shape is Haemophilus influenzae
coccobacilllus
57
Haemophilus influenzae contains
capsule
58
Haemophilus influenzae is missing
ETC components - NAD - cytochrome components
59
NAD
bloods v factor
60
cytochrome components
bloods x factor
61
Haemophilus influenzae causes
- meningitis - otitis media - pneumonia
62
Examples of epislon
- Helicobacter pylori - Campylobacter jejuni
63
what are the common characteristics of Epislon bacteria
- microphilic - vibro - flangella
64
what kind of flangella does Helicobacter pylori contain
peri
65
what does Helicobacter pylori cause
ulcers
66
Helicobacter pylori the full picture
- EPISLON - microaerophilic - vibro - flagella (peri) - causes ulcers
67
what kind of flangella does Campylobacter jejuni contain
mono
68
Campylobacter jejuni causes
gatroenteritis
69
Campylobacter jejuni is spread through
food
70
Campylobacter jejuni the full picture
- EPISLON - microaerophilic - vibro - flagella (mono) - spread through food - causes: gastroenteritis
71
what are the four examples of bacteria in the other category
1. Chlanydiae 2. Bacteroidetes 3. Fusobacteria 4. Spirochaetes
72
Chlanydiae trachomatis causes
- blinfness / trachoma - non gonochoccal urthritis (NGU) - lympho granuloma enerneum (LGV)
73
what shape is Chlamydia trachomatis
coccobacillus
74
how is Chlamydia trachomatis spread
through interpersonal contact and air
75
how long does the life cycle of Chlamydia trachomatis last
48 hours
76
Fusobacterium are identified becasue they are
spindal
77
what shape is Fusobacterium
rod
78
is Fusobacterium aerobic or anaerobic
anaerobic
79
Fusobacterium causes
infections of the oral cavity (gingivitis)
80
Fusobacterium the full picture
OTHER - rod -anaerobic - casues infections of the oral cavity - spindal
81
Bacteroidetes the full picture
- rods - anaerobes - casues peritonitis - forms pus --> rot canal
82
what shape is Bacteroidetes
rod
83
is Bacteroidetes anaerobic or aerobic
anaerobic
84
Bacteroidetes causes
peritonitis
85
what is an example of a spirochete
Treponema pallidum
86
Treponema pallidum causes
shyphilis
87
Treponema pallidum is grown
in viro - study in rabbits
88
Treponema pallidum move by
axial filaments
89
can you make a vaccine for Treponema pallidum
yes - genome mapped
90
What are the three divisions of Gram positive bacteria
Firmicutes (low G+C) Mcoplasmotota (Low G+C) Actinomycetota
91
What are the three examples of Firmicutes
1. Clostridales 2. Bacillates 3.lactobacillus
92
What are the three examples of Firmicutes
1. Chlostridales 2. bacillaes 3.lactobacillus
93
What are the 4 simularites between chostridium and clostridiodes
- rods - endospores --> "lolipop rods" - anaerobic - abundant in the soil
94
what are the three examples of chlostridium
c. tetni c. botulinum c. perfringes
95
What is an example of clostridodes
c. difficle
96
c. difficle is an example of a
HAI / nosocomial infections
97
What are the two examples of Bacillales
1. Bacillus anthracis 2. Staphylococcus aureus
98
what shape is Bacillus anthracis
rods
99
respiration of Bacillus anthracis
aerobic / fac. anaerobic
100
Bacillus anthracis is a
bioweapon
101
Bacillus anthracis is abundant in the
soil
102
special feature of Bacillus anthracis
endospores
103
Bacillus anthracis causes
anthrax
104
Bacillus anthracis the full picture
- rod - aerobic / fac. anaerobic - endospore - abundant in the soil - bioweapon - causes anthrax (3 forms)
105
Staphylococcus aureus the full picture
- clustered cocci - golden colonies - growth: special media - fac. anaerobic - causes: skin infections (sty), toxic shock syndrom (TSS), food posioning, UTI's
106
what organisms causes UTI's
s. saprophyticus
107
what shape is Staphylococcus aureus
clustered cocci
108
what color is Staphylococcus aureus colonies
golden
109
Staphylococcus aureus grow in
special media
110
Staphylococcus aureus respiration
fac. anaerobic
111
Staphylococcus aureus causes
- skin infections (sty) - toxic shock syndrom - food posioning - UTI's
112
What are the four examples of Lactobacillales
1. lactobacillus 2. streptococcus 3. listeria 4. entrococcus
113
lactobacillus is a
probiotic
114
lactobacillus the full picture
- aeortolerant - commerical - non-pathogenic (probiotic)
115
lactobacillus increases
- during puberty --> sterile vagina, digests sugars, brought by estrogen - during pregnacy --> doubles, contributes to the babys immune system
116
lactobacillus respiration
aerotolerant
117
streptococcus respiration
aerotolerant
118
what are the three examples of streptococcus
- s. pyogens - s. mutans - s. pneumoniae
119
s. pyogens causes
- skin infections - strep throat - rhematic fever - scarlett fever - otitis media
120
s. pyogens attatches through
m. proteins
121
s. pyogens grow in what medium
blood agar - forms a clear zone (beta hemolysis)
122
what kind of hemolysis does s. pyogens
beta
123
what kind of hemolysis is in s. mutans
alpha
124
s. mutans grows in what medium
blood agar - "green zone" - meth hemoglobin - alpha hemolysis
125
s. mutans causes
tooth decay (plaque)
126
s. mutans attaches through
capsule
127
s. pneumoniae shape **** exception
diplococci
128
s. pneumoniae causes
pneumoniae
129
s. pneumoniae causes
- meningitis - otitis media
130
s. pneumoniae feature
capsule
131
Listeria example
Listeria monocytogenes
132
Listeria monocytogenes shape
- rods
133
Listeria monocytogenes respiration
fac. anaerobic
134
Listeria monocytogenes causes
lysterosis (menigitis)
135
Listeria monocytogenes is dangerous in
- immunocompromised and pregnancy
136
in pregnacy Listeria monocytogenes can cause
- sponanous miscarriages - still born - ill newborn
137
Listeria monocytogenes the full picture
- rods - fac. anaerobic - psychrotrophic --> soft cheese, cold cuts, salad - causes lysterosis (menigitis) - dangerous in the immunocompromised and pregnancy - grows in macrophages ( decreases immune system
138
what are the two examples of Entrococcus
- E. facecalis - E. faecium
139
Enterococcus species are examples of
HAI - surgical wounds, catheter, UTI
140
Example of mcoplasmotota
m. pnumoniae
141
m. pnumoniae cell wall
atypical (no cell wall) - sterole in plasma membrane
142
m. pnumoniae growth
sterole culture
143
m. pnumoniae colonies
fried egg colonies
144
m. pnumoniae causes and treatment
walking pneumonia (common in young adults) - treatment: tetracycline (inhibits protein synthesis)
145
m. pnumoniae the full picture
- Atypical (no cell wall) --> sterole in plasma membrane - growth: sterole culture - fried egg colonies - non shape (pleomorphic) - causes: walking pneumonia Treatment: tetracycline (inhibits protein synthesis
146
What are the three examples of Actinomycetota
1. mycobacterium 2. Corynebacterium diphtheriae 3. Propiobacterium
147
What are the exampels of mycobacterium
TB and lepracy
148
mycobacterium the full picture
- mycolic acid - acid fact stain - rods - aerobic - slow growth; nutrients enter slowly
149
purpose of mycolic acid
- resistant to desication, antiseptics, antibiotics
150
mycobacterium shape
rods
151
mycobacterium are stained using
acid fast
152
Corynebacterium diphtheriae shape
rods
153
Corynebacterium diphtheriae respiration
fac. anaerobic
154
Corynebacterium diphtheriae cause and treatment
diptheria (upper respiratory tract) forms leather like psuedomembrane --> sufficates D tap vaccine
155
Corynebacterium diphtheriae the big picture
- rods - fac. anaerobic - cleomorphic or alphabet form - causes: diptheria
156
cleomorphism shape
picket fence
157
Alphabet form shape
Chinese letters
158
Propiobacterium examples
p. acnes
159
p. acnes casues
acne
160
p. acnes respiration
anaerobic ( no fermentation)
161
p. acnes shape
rods
162
p. acnes treatment
cleanser, benzoylic peroxide
163
p. acnes grows in
sebacous glands
164
Propiobacterium are
fermentators
165
Propiobacterium make
swish cheese contribute to: nutty flavour, and holes
166
nutty flavour is made by
propronic acid
167
hoel in swish cheese are made by
carbon dioxide
168
p. acnes the full picture
- causes acne - anaerobic - grows in sebaceous glands - rods - treatment: cleanser, benzoyl peroxide

HLST124: Microbiology (18 decks)

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