Chapter 11 Vocabulary

Question 1

Process in sexual reproduction my mail and female reproductive cells come together and make a new one

Answer 1

Fertilization

Question 2

Term that describes organisms that produce offspring that is exactly the same, is allowed to self pollinate

Answer 2

True breeding

Question 3

Specific characteristics of difference from one individual to another

Answer 3

Traits

Question 4

Offspring of crosses between parents with different traits

Answer 4

Hybrid

Question 5

Order of DNA that codes for a protein and determines a trait

Answer 5

Gene

Question 6

One of a number of different forms of a gene

Answer 6

Allele

Question 7

Separation of alleles during gamete formation

Answer 7

Segregation

Question 8

Specialized cell involved in sexual reproduction

Answer 8

Gamete

Question 9

Likelihood that a particular event will occur

Answer 9

Probability

Question 10

A diagram that shows the gene combinations that could result from a genetic cross

Answer 10

Punnett square

Question 11

Term that refers to an organism that has two of the exact same alleles for a particular trait

Answer 11

Homozygous

Question 12

Term used to refer to an organism that has two different alleles for the same trait

Answer 12

Heterozygous

Question 13

Physical characteristics of an organism

Answer 13

Phenotype

Question 14

Genetic makeup of an organism

Answer 14

Genotype

Question 15

Independent segregation of genes during the formation of gametes

Answer 15

Independent assortment

Question 16

Situation when one allele is not completely dominant over the other

Answer 16

Incomplete dominance

Question 17

Situation in which both alleles of a gene contribute to the phenotype of the organism

Answer 17

Codominance

Question 18

Three or more alleles of the same gene

Answer 18

Multiple alleles

Question 19

Trait controlled by two or more genes

Answer 19

Polygenic traits

Question 20

Term used to refer to chromosomes that each have a corresponding chromosome from the opposite sex parent

Answer 20

Homologous

Question 21

Term used to refer to a cell that contains both sets of homologous chromosomes

Answer 21

Diploid

Question 22

Term used to refer to a cell that contains only a single set of chromosomes and therefore only a single set of genes

Answer 22

Haploid

Question 23

Process by which the number of chromosomes Purcell is cut in half through the separation of homologous chromosomes in a diploid cell

Answer 23

Meiosis

Question 24

Structure containing four chromatids the forms during meiosis

Answer 24

Tetrad

Question 25

Glasses with homologous chromosomes is change portions of the chromatids during meiosis

Answer 25

Crossing over

Question 26

Diagram showing the relative locations of each known gene on a particular chromosome

Answer 26

Gene map

Question 27

Study of heredity

Answer 27

Genetics