Chapter 13 Vocabulary

Question 1

Method of improving a species by allowing those individual organisms with desired characteristics to produce the next generation

Answer 1

Selective breeding

Question 2

Breeding technique that involves crossing dissimilar individuals to bring together the best traits of both organisms

Answer 2

Hybridization

Question 3

Continued breeding of individuals with similar characteristics

Answer 3

Inbreeding

Question 4

Process of making changes in the DNA code of a living organism

Answer 4

Genetic engineering

Question 5

Enzyme that cuts DNA at a specific sequence of nucleotides

Answer 5

Restriction enzyme

Question 6

Procedure used to separate and analyze DNA fragments replacing a mixture of DNA fragments at one end of a porous gel and electrical voltage to the gel

Answer 6

Gel electrophoresis

Question 7

DNA produced by combining DNA from different sources

Answer 7

Recombinant DNA

Question 8

Technique that allows molecular biologists to make many copies of a particular gene

Answer 8

Polymerase chain reaction

Question 9

Term used to refer to an organism that contains genes from other organisms

Answer 9

Transgenic

Question 10

Member of a population of genetically identical organisms produced from a single cell

Answer 10

Clone

Question 11

Small, circular DNA molecule

Answer 11

Plasmid

Question 12

A gene that makes it possible to distinguish bacteria that carry the plasmid from those that don’t

Answer 12

Genetic marker