Chapter 12 Skin The Integumentary System Medical Terms Flashcards
1
Q
an injury in which superficial layers of skin are scraped or rubbed away
A
abrasion
2
Q
a closed pocket containing pus caused by a bacterial infection
A
abscess
3
Q
a chronic inflammatory disease that is characterized by pustular eruptions of the skin caused by an overproduction of sebum around the hair shaft
A
acne vulgaris
4
Q
a precancerous skin growth that occurs on sun-damaged skin
A
actinic keratosis
5
Q
discolorations caused by sun exposure
A
age spots (solar lentigines or liver spots)
6
Q
a genetic condition characterized by a deficiency or absence of pigment in the skin, hair, and irises
A
albinism
7
Q
the partial or complete loss of hair, most commonly on the scalp
A
alopecia (baldness)
8
Q
an autoimmune disorder that attacks the hair follicles, causing well-defined bald areas on the scalp or elsewhere on the body
A
alopecia areata
9
Q
an uncommon condition characterized by the loss of all the hair on the scalp
A
alopecia totalis (alopecia capitis totalis)
10
Q
the total loss of hair on all parts of the body
A
alopecia universalis
11
Q
the abnormal condition of lacking sweat in response to heat
A
anhidrosis
12
Q
a malignant tumor of the basal cell layer of the epidermis
A
basal cell carcinoma
13
Q
the removal of a small piece of living tissue for examination or establish a diagnosis
A
biopsy
14
Q
surgical reduction of the upper and lower eyelids
A
blepharoplasty (lid lift)
15
Q
a formulation of botulinum toxin that is administered by injection to temporarily improve the appearance of frown lines between the eyebrows
A
botox
16
Q
a large blister that is usually more than 0.5 cm in diameter
A
bulla
17
Q
an injury to body tissues caused by heat, flame, electricity, sun, chemicals, or radiation
A
burn
18
Q
a burn in which there are no blisters and only superficial damage to the epidermis
A
burn, first degree
19
Q
a burn in which there are blisters and damage to the epidermis and the dermis
A
burn, second degree
20
Q
a burn in which there is damage to the epidermis, dermis, subcutaneous layers, and possibly also the muscle below
A
burn, third degree
21
Q
a bulging deposit that forms around the area of the break in a bone; also a thickening of the skin that is caused by repeated rubbing
A
callus
22
Q
a soft, raised, pink, or red vascular birthmark
A
capillary hemangioma (strawberry birthmark)
23
Q
a cluster of connected furuncles (boils)
A
carbuncle
24
Q
the destruction of tissue by burning
A
cauterization
25
an acute, rapid spreading bacterial infection within the connective tissue of the skin
cellulitis
26
the use of chemicals to remove the outer layers of skin
chemabrasion (chemical peel)
27
a pigmentation disorder characterized by brownish spots of the face
chloasma (melasma or mask of pregnancy)
28
abnormal curving of the nails that is often accompanied by enlargement of the fingertips
clubbing
29
a form of soft-tissue augmentation used to soften facial lines or scars, or to make lips appear fuller
collagen replacement therapy
30
a noninfected lesion formed by the buildup of sebum and keratin in a hair follicle
comedo
31
a localized allergic response caused by contact with an irritant or allergen
contact dermatitis
32
an injury to underlying tissue without breaking the skin, characterized by discoloration and pain
contusion
33
a collection of dried serum and cellular debris
crust (scab)
34
the destruction or elimination or abnormal tissue cells through the application of extreme cold by using liquid nitrogen
cryosurgery
35
the removal of material from the surface by scraping
curettage
36
an abnormal sac containing fluid, gas, or a semisolid material
cyst
37
the removal of dirt, foreign objects, damaged tissue, and cellular debris from a wound to prevent infection and to promote healing
debridement
38
a form of abrasion involving the use of a revolving wire brush or sandpaper
dermabrasion
39
inflammation of the skin
dermatitis
40
the replacement of damaged skin with healthy tissue taken from a donor site on the patient's body
dermatoplasty (skin graft)
41
a general term used to denote skin lesions or eruptions of any type that are not associated with inflammation
dermatosis
42
atypical moles that can develop into skin cancer
dysplastic nevi
43
a large, irregular area of purplish discoloration due to bleeding under the skin
ecchymosis (bruise)
44
a form of recurring dermatitis characterized by itching, redness, and dryness
eczema (atopic dermatitis)
45
a surgical technique in which tissue is destroyed using an electric spark
electrodessication
46
the use of electric current to destroy hair follicles for the removal of undesired hair
electrolysis
47
the wearing away of a surface
erosion
48
redness of the skin due to capillary dilation
erythema
49
abnormal redness of the entire skin surface
erythroderma
50
a widespread rash, usually in children
exanthem
51
a biopsy technique in which cells are scraped from the tissue and examined under a microscope
exfoliative cytology
52
a condition in which there is widespread scaling of the skin
exfoliative dermatitis
53
fluid, such as pus, that leads out of an infected wound
exudate
54
a condition in which the hair thins in the front and on the sides of the scalp and sometimes the crown
female pattern baldness
55
a groove or crack-like sore of the skin; also normal folds in the contours of the brain
fissure
56
inflammation of the hair follicles
folliculitis
57
large, tender, swollen areas caused by a staphyloccocal infection around hair follicles or sebaceous glands (boil)
furuncles (boils)
58
tissue death caused by a loss of circulation to the affected tissues
gangrene
59
the tissue that normally forms during the healing of a wound that will become scar tissue
granulation tissue
60
a general term used to describe a small, knot-like swelling of granulation tissue in the epidermis
granuloma
61
a swelling of clotted blood trapped in the tissues
hematoma
62
excessive bodily and facial hair in women, usually occurring in a male pattern
hirsutism
63
a condition of excessive sweating in one area or over the whole body
hyperhidrosis
64
a group of hereditary disorders characterized by dry, thickened, and scaly skin
ichthyosis
65
a highly contagious bacterial skin infection characterized by isolate pustules that become crusted and rupture
impetigo
66
a cut made with a surgical instrument
incision
67
the dwelling of microscopic parasites on external surface tissue
infestation
68
the administration of medication by injection into the middle layers of the skin
intradermal injection
69
a procedure using pressurized fluid to clean out wound debris
irrigation and debridement
70
an abnormally raised or thickened scar that expands beyond the boundaries of the original incision
keloid
71
any skin growth, such as a wart or callus, in which there is overgrowth and thickening of the skin
keratosis
72
a malformation of the nails in which the outer surface is concave or scooped out like a bowl of a spoon
koilonychia (spoon nail)
73
a torn or jagged wound or an accidental cut
laceration
74
an acronym for light amplification by stimulated emission of radiation, used to treat skin conditions and other disorders of the body
laser
75
a pathologic change of tissues due to disease or injury
lesion
76
the surgical removal of fat from beneath the skin
lipectomy
77
a chronic abnormal condition characterized by the accumulation of fat and fluid in the tissues just under the skin of the hips and legs
lipedema (painful fat syndrome)
78
a benign, slow-growing fatty tumor located between the skin and the muscle layer
lipoma
79
the surgical removal of fat beneath the skin with the aid of suction
liposuction (suction-assisted lipectomy)
80
a discolored, flat spot that is less than 1 cm in diameter
macule (macula)
81
a common hair-loss pattern in men
male pattern baldness
82
a type of skin cancer that occurs in the melanocytes
malignant melanoma (melanoma)
83
a technique used to treat various types of skin cancer by removing layers of cancerous tissue until a healthy margin is achieved
Mohs surgery
84
any abnormal condition or disease caused by a fungus
mycosis
85
a severe infection caused by group a strep bacteria
necrotizing fasciitis
86
a small, dark skin growth that develops from melanocytes in the skin
nevus (mole)
87
a solid, raised skin lesion that is larger than 0.5 cm in diameter and deep than a papule
nodule
88
inflammation of the matrix of the nail
onychia (onychitis)
89
ingrown toenail
onychocryptosis
90
a fungal infection of the nail
onychomycosis
91
nail biting or nail eating
onychophagia
92
a benign, superficial wart-like growth on the epithelial tissue or elsewhere in the body, such as in the bladder
papilloma
93
a small, raised red lesion that is less than 0.5 cm in diameter
papule
94
an infection of the skin fold around a nail
paronychia
95
an infestation with lice
pediculosis (lice)
96
very small pinpoint hemorrhages less than 2 mm in diameter
petechiae
97
a technique used to treat damage and precancerous skin, as well as various types of cancer
photodynamic therapy
98
irregularities in skin color, such as moles
pigmented birthmarks
99
a fatty deposit within the blood vessels; also a soft buildup of bacterial debris on the exterior of the teeth; also a scaly, solid, raised area of closely spaced papules on the skin
plaque
100
mushroom-like growth from the surface of a mucous membrane
polyp
101
a flat vascular birthmark made up of dilated blood capillaries
port-wine stain
102
an open ulcerated wound that is caused by prolonged pressure on an area of skin
pressure sore (decubitus ulcer or bedsore)
103
a common skin disorder characterized by flare-ups in which red papules covered with silvery scales occur on the elbows, knees, scalp, back, or buttocks
psoriasis
104
a deep hole made by a sharp object such as a nail
puncture wound
105
the appearance of multiple purple discolorations on the skin caused by bleeding underneath the skin
purpura
106
producing or containing pus
purulent
107
a small, circumscribed lesion containing pus
pustule (pimple)
108
any acute, inflammatory, pus-forming bacterial skin infection such as impetigo
pyoderma
109
a class of chemical compounds derived from vitamin A that are used in skin care and treatment
retinoids
110
hyperplasia of the tissues of the nose
rhinophyma (bulbous nose)
111
the surgical removal of excess skin and fat from the face to eliminate wrinkles
rhytidectomy (face lift)
112
a chronic condition of unknown cause that produces tiny red pimples, and broken blood vessels
rosacea (adult acne)
113
a skin infection caused by an infestation of itch mites
scabies (itch mite)
114
flakes or dry patches made up of excess dead epidermal cells
scales
115
an autoimmune disorder in which the connective tissues become thickened and hardened, causing the skin to become hard and swollen
scleroderma
116
treatment of spider veins by injecting a saline sclerosing solution into the vein
sclerotherapy
117
a closed sac associated with a sebaceous gland that is found just under the skin
sebaceous cyst
118
overactivity of the sebaceous glands that results in the production of an excessive amount of sebum
seborrhea
119
inflammation that causes scaling and itching of the upper layers of the skin or scalp
seborrheic dermatitis
120
a benign skin growth that has a waxy or "pasted-on" look
seborrheic keratosis
121
a harmful, malignant growth on the skin, which can have many causes, including repeated severe sunburns or long-term exposure to the sun
skin cancer
122
benign small flesh-colored or light-brown polyps that hang from the body by fine stalks
skin tags
123
the occurrence of hyperhidrosis during sleep
sleep hyperhidrosis (night sweats)
124
a malignant tumor of the scaly squamous cells of the epithelium that can quickly spread to other body parts
squamous cell carcinoma
125
blocks the harmful ultraviolet B rays, measured in terms of strength of the sun protection factor (SPF)
sunscreen
126
an autoimmune disorder characterized by a red, scaly rash on the face and upper trunk that also attacks connective tissue in other body systems
systemic lupus erythematosus (lupus)
127
a fungal infection that can grow on the skin, hair, or nails
tinea (ringworm)
128
liquid or ointment rubbed into the skin on the area to be treated
topical application
129
steroids used in treatment of various skin disorders and diseases
topical steroids
130
the administration of medication through the unbroken skin so that it is absorbed continuously to produce a systemic effect
transdermal
131
superficial bacterial infection of the hair shafts in areas with extensive sweat glands such as the armpits
trichomycosis axillaris
132
an open sore or lesion of the skin or mucous membrane resulting in tissue loss around the edges
ulcer
133
itchy wheals caused by an allergic reaction
urticaria (hives)
134
birthmarks caused by blood vessels close to the skin's surface
vascular birthmark
135
small, hard skin lesions caused by the human papillomavirus
verrucae (warts)
136
a small blister, less than 0.5 cm in diameter, containing watery fluid
vesicle
137
a skin condition resulting from the destructive melanocytes due to unknown causes, resulting in irregular patches of white skin
vitiligo
138
a small bump that itches
wheal (welt)
139
excessively dry skin
xeroderma (xerosis)
