Chapter 15 Diagnostic Procedures, Nuclear Medicine, and Pharmacology Medical Terms Flashcards
1
Q
the surgical puncture of the abdominal cavity to remove fluid
A
abdominocentesis
2
Q
analgesic that reduces pain and fever, but does not relieve inflammation
A
acetaminophen
3
Q
a traditional Chinese touch therapy involving finger pressure applied to specific areas of the body
A
acupressure
4
Q
a traditional Chinese medical practice using very thin acupuncture needles to specific areas of the body
A
acupuncture
5
Q
compulsive, uncontrollable dependence on a substance, habit, or practice
A
addiction
6
Q
an undesirable reaction that accompanies the principle response for which the drug was taken
A
adverse drug reaction
7
Q
the presence of the protein albumin in the urine
A
albuminuria
8
Q
conventional medical practices and systems of health care
A
allopathic medicine
9
Q
a general term for practices and systems of health care used in place of allopathic medicine
A
alternative medicine
10
Q
a surgical puncture to remove amniotic fluid to evaluate fetal health and to diagnose certain congenital disorders
A
amniocentesis
11
Q
a medication that relieves pain without affecting consciousness
A
analgesic
12
Q
medication admininstered to relieve inflammation and pain
A
anti-inflammatory
13
Q
medication that prevents seizures
A
anticonvulsant
14
Q
medications administered to prevent or relieve depression
A
antidepressant
15
Q
medication administered to prevent or reduce fever
A
antipyretic
16
Q
a test to measure the pH, oxygen, and carbon dioxide levels of arterial blood
A
arterial blood gas analysis
17
Q
the puncture of an artery to obtain arterial blood
A
arterial stick
18
Q
surgical puncture of the joint space to remove synovial fluid for analysis
A
arthrocentesis
19
Q
listening for sounds within the body, usually done with a stethoscope
A
auscultation
20
Q
traditional Hindu system of medicine
A
Ayurvedic medicine
21
Q
the presence of bacteria in the urine
A
bacteriuria
22
Q
a radiopaque contrast medium used primarily to visualize the gastrointestinal tract
A
barium
23
Q
treatment that teaches a person to control bodily functions through cognitive control techniques to decrease stress
A
biofeedback
24
Q
blood test performed to determine the amount of urea present in the blood
A
blood urea nitrogen
25
a single dose of a drug usually injected into a blood vessel over a short period of time
bolus
26
a specialized nuclear scan that identifies new area of bone growth or breakdown
bone scan
27
medication sold under the name given the drug by the manufacturer
brand name
28
an abnormal sound or murmur heard during auscultation of an airway
bruit
29
a blood test that detects high levels of inflammation within the body
C-reactive protein
30
the presence of calcium in the urine
calciuria
31
technique used to obtain a small amount of blood for a blood test
capillary puncture
32
the puncture of a chamber of the heart for diagnosis or therapy
cardiocentesis (cardiopuncture)
33
a surgical puncture to remove fluid for diagnostic purposes or to remove excess fluid
centesis
34
a system of mechanical spinal adjustments made by a chiropractor to correct biomedical problems in the skeleton
chiropractic manipulative therapy
35
the recording of fluoroscopy images
cineradiography
36
practice and systems of health care used to supplement allopathic medicine
complementary medicine
37
a series of blood tests performed as a group to evaluate several blood conditions
complete blood cell count
38
an imaging technique that uses a thin, fan-shaped x-ray beam to produce multiple cross-sectional views of the body
computed tomography
39
a factor in the patient's condition that makes the use of a medication or specific treatment dangerous or ill advised
contraindication
40
a substance used to make visible structures that are otherwise hard to see
contrast medium
41
the use of gentle touch to help the body release tension in order to correct restrictions resulting from stress on the CNS
craniosacral therapy
42
an increased concentration of creatinine in the urine
creatinuria
43
tests performed to determine the compatibility of blood donor and recipient before a transfusion
crossmatch tests
44
an ultrasonic diagnostic procedure that measures the speed and direction of the blood flow within the heart
Doppler echocardiogram
45
position where the patient is lying on the back, face up, with the knees bent
dorsal recumbent position
46
the result of drugs reacting with each other, often in ways that are unexpected or potentially harmful
drug interaction
47
an ultrasonic diagnostic procedure used to evaluate the structures and motion of the heart
echocardiography
48
a small, flexible tube with a light and lens on the end
endoscope
49
a surgical procedure performed through very small incisions with the use of an endoscope and specialized instruments
endoscopic surgery
50
the visual examination of the interior of a body cavity or organ
endoscopy
51
a blood test based on the speed with which the red blood cells separate from the plasma and settle to the bottom of a specialized test tube
erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) (sed rate)
52
dental radiograph where the film is placed and exposed outside of the mouth
extraoral radiography
53
a noninvasive procedure used to image and evaluate fetal development during pregnancy
fetal ultrasound
54
the visualization of body parts in motion by projecting x-ray images on a luminous fluorescent screen
fluoroscopy
55
medication name for its chemical structure that is not protected by a brand name or trademark
generic drug
56
the presence of glucose in the urine
glycosuria
57
a type of treatment in which a patient follows verbal prompts to envision a peaceful location and distance himself from current pain and stress
guided imagery
58
an abnormal blowing or clicking sound heard when listening to the heart or neighboring large blood vessels
heart murmur
59
a blood test that measures the percentage by volume of red blood cells in a whole blood sample
hematocrit
60
the presence of blood in the urine
hematuria
61
a treatment approach that takes into consideration the whole body and its environment, including the mind, body, and spirit
holistic
62
the belief that the body can stimulate its own healing responses when the right substance is given in minute doses
homeopathy
63
on the back with the face up
horizontal recumbent position (supine position)
64
an extremely high fever
hyperthermia
65
a type of therapy in which a patient is placed in a susceptible state and then given suggestions directed toward their treatment goal
hypnosis
66
an abnormally low body temperature
hypothermia
67
an unexpected reaction to a drug that is peculiar to the individual
idiosyncratic reaction
68
the administration of medication in the form of vapor and gases taken in through the nose or mouth and absorbed into the blood stream through the lungs
inhalation administration
69
a health care model based on both allopathic and alternative medicine
integrative medicine
70
the use of radiographic imaging to guide a procedure or confirm placement of an inserted object
interventional radiology
71
the administration of medication by injection into the middle layers of the skin
intradermal injection
72
the administration of medication by injection directly into muscle tissue
intramuscular injection
73
the placement of x-ray film within the mouth with the camera positioned next to the cheek
intraoral radiography
74
the administration of medication by injection directly into a vein
intravenous injection
75
the presence of ketones in the urine
ketonuria
76
position in which the patient is lying face down with the hips bent so that the knees and chest rest on the table
knee-chest position
77
the visual examination of the interior of the abdomen with the use of a laparoscope
larparoscopy
78
a blood test that measures the amounts of total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein, low-density lipoprotein, and triglycerides
lipid panel
79
an examination position in which the patient is lying on the back with the feet and legs raised and supported in stirrups
lithotomy position
80
a specialized MRI study using a contrast medium to locate problems with blood vessels throughout the body
magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) (magnetic resonance angio)
81
an imaging technique that uses a combination of radio waves and a strong magnetic field to create signals that are sent to a computer and converted into images of any plane through the body
magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)
82
treatment for stress focused on maintaining a calm, constant awareness and acceptance of thoughts and emotions
mindfulness meditation
83
a specialized soft-tissue manipulation technique used to ease the pain of conditions such as fibromyalgia, myofascial pain syndrome, movement restrictions, temporomandibular joint disorder, and carpal tunnel syndrome
myofascial release
84
a form of alternative medicine emphasizing the healing power of nature and support of the body's own healing ability
naturopathy (naturopathic medicine)
85
a form of massage that uses soft-tissue manipulation focusing on applying pressure to trigger points to treat injuries and alleviate pain
neuromuscular therapy
86
medications administered to control pain by reducing inflammation and swelling
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs
87
a diagnostic procedure that uses nuclear medicine technology to gather information about the structure and function of organs or body systems
nuclear scan (scintigram)
88
an instrument used to examine the interior of the eye
ophthalmoscope
89
medication taken by mouth to be absorbed through the walls of the stomach or small intestine
oral administration
90
mechanical spinal adjustment used in conjunction with conventional medical therapies by an osteopath
osteopathic manipulative therapy
91
an instrument used to visually examine the external ear canal and tympanic membrane
otoscope
92
a substance that eases the pain or severity of a disease but does not cure it
palliative
93
an examination technique in which the examiner's hands are used to feel the texture, size, consistence, and location of certain body parts
palpation
94
the result of medical treatment that yields the exact opposite of normally expected results
paradoxical drug reaction
95
the administration of medication by injection through a hypodermic syringe
parenteral administration
96
a diagnostic procedure to determine the density of a body area that uses the sound by tapping the surface with the fingers
percussion
97
the flow of blood through an organ
perfusion
98
the puncture of the pericardial sac for the purpose of removing fluid
pericardiocentesis
99
the puncture of a vein for the purposes of drawing blood
phlebotomy (venipuncture)
100
an inactive substance that is given for its suggestive effects
placebo
101
a blood screening test that measures the number of platelets in a specified amount of blood
platelet count
102
an imaging technique that combines tomography with radionuclide tracers to produce enhanced images of selected body organs or areas
positron emisson tomography (PET imaging)
103
a medication that can legally be dispensed only by a pharmacist with an order from a licenses professional
prescription drug
104
position where the patient lies face down on the abdomen
prone position
105
the presence of an abnormal amount of protein in the urine
proteinuria
106
a blood test used to diagnose conditions associated with abnormalities of clotting time and to monitor anticoagulant therapy
prothrombin time (pro time)
107
the presence of pus in the urine
pyuria
108
a Chinese system of movement, breathing techniques, and meditation
Qi Gong
109
the image produced by the use of radiant energy to visualize conditions such as bone fractures; also known as x-rays
radiograph
110
the use of x-radiation to visualize hard-tissue internal structure
radiography
111
the use of radiant energy and radioactive substances in medicine for diagnosis and treatment
radiology
112
a substance that allows x-rays to pass through and appears black or dark gray on the resulting film
radiolucent
113
a substance that does not allow x-rays to pass through and appears white or light gray on the resulting film
radiopaque
114
an abnormal crackle-like lung sound heart while breathing in
rale (crackle)
115
the insertion of medication into the rectum as either suppositories or liquid solutions
rectal administrations
116
any position in which the patient is lying down
recumbent
117
a blood test that is performed to determine the number of erythrocytes in the blood
red blood cell count
118
a course ratting sound somewhat like snoring, usually caused by secretions in the bronchial airways
rhonchi
119
a blood test that measures the ability of the liver to take up, process, and secrete bilirubin into the bile
serum bilirubin test
120
an examination position in which the patient is lying on the left side with the right knee and thigh drawn up with the left arm placed along the back
Sims' position
121
a type of nuclear imaging test that produces 3D computer reconstructed images showing perfusion through tissues and organs
single photon emission tomography (SPECT)
122
an instrument used to enlarge the opening of any canal or cavity to facilitate inspection of its interior
speculum
123
an instrument used to measure blood pressure
sphygmomanometer
124
an instrument used to listen to sounds within the body
stethoscope
125
an abnormal, high-pitched, musical breathing sound caused by a blockage in the throat or larynx
stridor
126
the administration of medication by injection into the fatty layer just below the skin
subcutaneous injection
127
the placement of medication under the tongue where it is allowed to dissolve slowly
sublingual administration
128
a specialized nuclear scan to evaluate thyroid function
thyroid scan
129
a diagnostic test to measure the circulating blood level of thyroid-stimulating hormone
thyroid-stimulating hormone assay
130
acquired unresponsiveness to a specific antigen or decline in effective response to a drug usually due to repeated use
tolerance
131
combination of tomography with radiation therapy to precisely target tumor cells
tomotherapy
132
liquid or ointment rubbed into the skin on the area to be treated
topical application
133
a blood test that measures the amount of hemoglobin found in whole blood
total hemoglobin test
134
a system of ancient Chinese medicinal treatments, including acupuncture, to prevent, diagnose, and treat disease
traditional Chinese medicine
135
a method of pain control by wearing a device that delivers small electrical impulses to the nerve endings through the small skin
transcutaneous electronic nerve stimulation
136
the administration of medication through the unbroken skin so that it is absorbed continuously to produce a systemic effect
transdermal
137
an ultrasonic imaging technique that is performed from inside the esophagus to evaluate heart structures
transesophageal echocardiography
138
the imaging of deep body structures by recording the echoes of sound wave pulses that are above the range of human hearing; also known as ultrasound
ultrasonography (ultrasound or diagnostic ultrasound)
139
the examination of urine to determine the presence of abnormal elements
urinalysis
140
a blood test to determine the number of leukocytes in the blood
white blood cell count
141
a blood test to determine what percentage of the total white blood cell count is composed of each of the five type of leukocytes
white blood cell differential
