Chapter 12-The Eukaryotes Flashcards
(113 cards)
0
Q
Fungi nutritional type
A
Chemoheterotroph
1
Q
The study of fungi
A
Mycology
2
Q
Fungi multicellularity
A
All except yeast
3
Q
Fungi cellular arrangement
A
Unicellular, filamentous, fleshy
4
Q
Fungi acquisition method
A
Absorptive
5
Q
Fungi characteristic features
A
Sexual and asexual spores
6
Q
Fungi cell type
A
Eukaryotic
7
Q
Bacteria cell type
A
Prokaryotic
8
Q
Fungi cell membrane
A
Sterols present
9
Q
Bacteria cell membrane
A
Sterols absent except in mycoplasma
10
Q
Fungi cell wall
A
Glucans, chitin, mannans
No peptidoglycan
11
Q
Bacteria cell wall
A
Peptidoglycan
12
Q
Fungi spores
A
Asexual
Sexual
13
Q
Bacteria spores
A
Spores are not used for reproduction
Some asexual spores
14
Q
Fungi metabolism
A
Limited to heterotrophic
Facultatively anaerobic
15
Q
Bacteria metabolism
A
Heterotrophic and autotrophic
Aerobic, anaerobic
Facultatively anaerobic
16
Q
Main body of a mold
A
Thallus
17
Q
Mold thallus is made of what
A
Hyphae
18
Q
Mass of hyphae
A
Mycelium
19
Q
In terms of unicellular fungi, fission yeast divide ______
A
Symmetrically
20
Q
In terms of unicellular fungi, budding yeasts divide ______
A
Asymmetrically
21
Q
Pathogenic dimorphic fungi are yeast like at _____ and mold like at _____
A
37C; 25C
22
Q
Name the three phase of sexual reproduction
A
Plasmogamy
Karyogamy
Meiosis
23
Q
Haploid donor cell nucleus(+) penetrates cytoplasm of recipient cell(-)
A
Plasmogamy
24
+ and - nuclei fuse
Karyogamy
25
Diploid nucleus produces haploid nuclei (sexual spores)
Meiosis
26
Fusion of haploid cells produces one ______
Zygospore
27
Formed in a sac (ascus)
Ascospore
28
Formed externally on a pedestal or basidium
Basidiospore (mushroom)
29
```
Conjugation fungi
Coenocytic
Produces sporangiospores(asexual)
Produce zygospores(sexual)
Rhizopus, Mucor
```
Zygmycota
30
No hyphae
No mitochondria
Intercellular parasites
Encephalitozoon intestinalis
Mircrosporidia
31
Encephalitozoon intestinalis
Intracellular parasites
32
Sac fungi
Septate
Teleomorphic fungi
Ascospores and frequently conidiospores
Ascomycota
33
Produce sexual and asexual spores
Ascomycota
| Teleomorphic fungi
34
```
Aspergillus
Blastomyces dermatitidis
Histoplasma capsulatum
Microsporum
Trichophyton
```
Ascomycota
| Ascospore and frequently conidiospores
35
Produce asexual spores only
Anamorphs
36
Penicillium
Sporothrix
Stachybotrys, coccidioides, pneumocystis
Candida albicans
Anamorphs
37
Club fungi
Septate
Produce basidiospores and sometimes conidiospores
Basidiomycota
38
Crytococcus neoformans
Basidiomycota
39
Trichoderma
Cellulase
40
Taxomyces
Taxol
41
Biocontrol
Entomophaga
42
Kills fungi
Coniothyrium minitans
43
Kills termites
Paecilomyces
44
Bread, wine, HBV vaccine
Saccharomyces
45
Biocontrol
Entomophaga
46
Fungal diseases are also called
Mycoses
47
Fungal disease deep within body
Systemic mycoses
48
Beneath the skin
Subcutaneous mycoses
49
Affect hair, skin, nails
Cutaneous mycoses
50
Localized (like hair shafts)
Superficial mycoses
51
Caused by normal microbiota or environmental fungi
Opportunistic mycoses
52
Mutualistic combination of an alga and fungus
Lichens
53
Alga produces and secretes carbohydrates while the fungus provides holdfast
Lichens
55
Economic effect of lichens
Dyes
Anti microbial
Litmus
56
nutritional type of algae
photoautotroph
57
multicellularity of algae
some
58
cellular arrangement of algae
unicellular, colonial, filamentous, tissues
59
food acquisition method of algae
diffusion
60
characteristic features of algae
pigments
61
brown algae
kelp
stinks
phaeophyta
62
cellulose and alginic cell walls
multicellular
chlorophyll a and c
xanthophylls
phaeophyta
63
harvested for algin
| store carbohydrates
phaeophyta
64
red algae
cellulose cell walls
most are multicellular
rhodophyta
65
chlorophyll a and d
| phycobiliproteins
rhodophyta
66
store glucose polymer
| harvested for agar and carrageenan
rhodophyta
67
pectin and silicia cell walls
diatoms
68
carotene
| xanthophylls
diatoms
69
store oil
| produce domoic acid
diatoms
70
cellulose in plasma membrane
dinoflagellates
71
unicellular
chlorophyll a and c
carotene
xanthins
dinoflagellates
72
store starch
dinoflagellates
73
some are symbionts in marine animals
dinoflagellates
74
neurotoxins cause paralytic shellfish poisoning
dinoflagellates
75
cellulose cell walls
multicellular
chemoheterotrophis
oomycota
76
produces zoospores
oomycota
77
decomposers and plant parasites
oomycota
78
responsible for irish potato blight
phytophthora infestation
79
infects eucalyptus
P. cinnamoni
80
causes sudden oak death
P. ramorum
81
water molds
oomycota
82
nutrition type of protozoa
chemoheterotroph
83
multicellularity of protozoa
none
84
cellular arrangement of protozoa
unicellular
85
food acquisition of protozoa
absorptive, ingestive
86
kingdom of protozoa
various
87
characteristic features of protozoa
motility, some form cysts
88
vegetative form of protozoa
trophozoite
89
asexual reproduction of protozoa is by
fission, budding, schizogony
90
sexual reproduction of protozoa is done by
conjugation
91
some protozoa produce
cysts
92
move by pseudopods
entamoeba
acanthamoeba
amebae
93
hemlinths kingdom
animalia
94
nutritional type of helminths
chemoheterotroph
95
multicellularity of helminth
all
96
cellular arrangement of helminth
tissues and organs
97
food acquisition of helminth
ingestive, absorptive
98
characteristic features of helminths
elaborate life cycles
99
flatworms
phylum:platyhelminths
100
flukes
class: trematodes
Phylum: platyhelminthes
101
tapeworms
class: cestodes
phylum: platyhelminthes
102
roundworms
phylum: nematoda
103
characteristics of helminths (4)
reduced locomotion
reduced digestive system
reduced nervous system
complex reproduction
104
monoecious
hemaphrodictic
105
male and female reproductive systems in one animal
monoecious
106
separate female and male
dioecious
107
life cyle of helminths
egg, larva, adult
108
may transmit disease
arthropods as vectors
109
classification of arthropods
kingdom: animalia
phylum: arthropoda
110
exoskeleton and jointed legs
arthropoda
111
lice, flea, mosquitos
class: insecta (6 legs)
phylum: arthropoda
kingdom: animalia
112
mites and ticks
class: arachnida (8 legs)
phylum: arthropoda
kingdom: arthropoda
113
how can arthropods serve as vectors
mechanically
biologically
definitive host
