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Anatomy and Physiology 1 > Chapter 13 > Flashcards

Chapter 13 Flashcards

1
Q

4 subdivisions of the spinal cord

A
  1. cervical
  2. thoracic
  3. lumbar
  4. sacral
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2
Q

cervical

  • spinal nerves
  • where does the 1st cervical nerve arise
  • where does C2-C7 arise
  • where is C8 located
A
  • C1-C8
  • between the skull and C1
  • arise superior to vertebrae
  • between C7 and T1
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3
Q

Thoracic

  • spinal nerves
  • nerves are
A
  • T1-T12

- nerves are inferior to vertebrae

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4
Q

how many lumbar spinal nerves

A

L1-L5

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5
Q

How many sacral spinal nerves

A

S1-S5

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6
Q

2 enlargements

  • purpose
  • what are they
A
  • contains extensive grey matter dedicated to sensory and motor control of limbs
  • 1.the cervical (C4-T1) supplies nerves to upper shoulder and limbs
    2. the lumbosacral (T9-T12) supplies nerves to lower limb and pelvis
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7
Q

conus medullaris

A

tapering end of cord at level L1

-in between thoracic and lumbar

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8
Q

Filum terminale

A

fibrous extension of pia mater that extends and attaches to coccyx

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9
Q

Cauda Equina

A

collection of nerve fibers that extends into lower vertebral column

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10
Q

spinal meninges

  • definition
  • continuous with
A

specialized membranes surrounding the spinal cord

-continuous with cranial meninges at foramen magnum

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11
Q

what is the epidural space used for

A

epidural block

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12
Q

Posterior gray horn

A

contains sensory neurons

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13
Q

gray matter

A

cell bodies, unmyelinated axons, dendrites, neuroglia

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14
Q

white matter

A

myelinated axons

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15
Q

anterior gray horn

A

contains somatic motor neurons

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16
Q

2 functions of the spinal cord

A
  1. conducts sensory and motor info

2. serves as a reflex center

17
Q

Tracts of the spinal cord

  • definition
  • function
  • 2
A
  • groups of axons inside the CNS
  • Relays same type of info in same direction
    1. Ascending tract
      1. descending tract
18
Q

Ascending tracts

  • definition
  • what does each tract carry
A

sensory axons that conduct impulses from periphery to brain

-different types of sensory info

19
Q

Descending tracts

  • definition
  • what does each tract carry
A
  • motor axons that conduct impulses from brain to muscle and glands
  • different types of motor info
20
Q

relflex

  • definition
  • function
  • 2 types
A
  • a quick, involuntary response to a stimulus that passes along a reflex arc
  • act to preserves homeostasis by making rapid adjustments
  • somatic reflex and autonomic reflex
21
Q

5 components of a reflex

A
  1. receptor
  2. sensory neuron
  3. CNS for info processing
  4. motor neuron
  5. Effector
22
Q

receptor

A

detects a signal and initiates a response

23
Q

sensory neuron

A

conducts impulses to spinal cord

24
Q

motor neuron

A

conducts impulses away from CNS

25
Q

effector

A

what responds: muscle or gland?

26
Q

what is a mixed spinal nerve

A

contains sensory and motor info

27
Q

2 points of attachment for spinal nerves (PNS)

A
  1. posterior root

2. anterior root

28
Q

posterior root

A

dorsal root

-sensory info

29
Q

anterior root

A

ventral root

-motor info

30
Q

2 branched of peripheral spinal nerves

A
  1. posterior branch

2. Anterior branch

31
Q

Posterior branch (PNS)

  • known as
  • function
A
  • dorsal ramus

- supplies skin and muscles of back

32
Q

anterior branch

  • known as
  • function
A
  • ventral ramus

- supplies anterior body wall and anterior surface

Anatomy and Physiology 1 (17 decks)

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