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LATG > Chapter 13: Agents Of Infectious Disease > Flashcards

Chapter 13: Agents Of Infectious Disease Flashcards

1
Q

True or False
The main difference between bacteria and viruses is that bacteria contain nucleic acids and viruses do not.

A

False

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2
Q

True or False
A Gram positive bacterium has a thin internal cell wall.

A

False

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3
Q

What are the three most common bacterial shapes?

A

1- Cocci
2- Bacilli
3- Spiral

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4
Q

What is the difference between a microaerophilic bacterium and an aerobic bacterium?

A

A microaerophilic bacterium grows best in low oxygen concentration: an aerobic bacterium grows in a normal atmospheric concentration of oxygen

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5
Q

Name at least three characteristics that are used to identify bacteria

A

1- Oxygen requirements
2- Staining characteristics
3- pH needs
4- Nutrition requirements
5- Form and structure

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6
Q

Which of the following is not a mode of bacterial locomotion?
A- Squirming
B- Gliding
C- Writhing
D- Propulsion

A

C- Writhing

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7
Q

A bacteria with cilia will have:
A- Hair like structures on the outside of the plasma membrane
B- Long tail-like structures on the outside of the cell
C- A blob-like shape and smooth cell wall
D- A thick capsule surrounding the cell

A

A- Hair like structures on the outside of the plasma membrane

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8
Q

Bacteria staining dark blue to purple with Gram stain are called:

A

Gram positive

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9
Q

True or False
Most viruses have a cytoplasm which contains DNA, RNA, and proteins.

A

False

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10
Q

What is the definition of virulence?
A- The degree of pathogenicity of a microorganism
B- The ability of an organism to infect a host
C- The speed with which an organism can replicate
D- The resistance of an organism to the immune system

A

A- The degree of pathogenicity of a microorganism

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11
Q

Prions are infectious agents that are made up of:

A

Proteins

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12
Q

What two diseases are believed to be caused by prions?

A

1- Bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE or mad cow disease)
2- Scrapie in sheep

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13
Q

Hyphae are multicellular tubular structures characteristic of:
A- Prions
B- molds
C- Yeasts
D- Viruses

A

B- Molds

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14
Q

Which of the following statements about Pneumocystis spp. is FALSE?
A- Pneumocystis is a significant clinical concern in immunosuppressed animals
B- Pneumocystis is a common organism found in many different laboratory species
C- Pneumocystis is a cutaneous mycosis causing hair loss and scaly skin
D- Pneumocystis is a pathogenic fungi that is considered a systemic mycosis

A

C- Pneumocystis is a cutaneous mycosis causing hair loss and scaly skin

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15
Q

What is the common name for dermatophytosis?

A

Ringworm

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16
Q

True or False
Very strict husbandry protocols are necessary to prevent prion transmission.

A

True

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17
Q

Parasites that live on the outside of the body are known as _________________; parasites that live in the body are known as ___________________.

A

Ectoparasites ; endoparasites

18
Q

Does Shigella spp. cause an infestation or infection?

A

Infection

19
Q

Does Microsporum spp. cause an infestation or infection?

A

Infection

20
Q

Do fleas cause an infestation or infection?

A

Infestation

21
Q

Does Entamoeba histolytica cause an infestation or infection?

A

Infection

22
Q

Does Giardia spp. cause an infestation or infection?

A

Infection

23
Q

Do ticks cause an infestation or infection?

A

Infestation

24
Q

Do Heartworms cause an infestation or infection?

A

Infection

25
Q

Do pinworms cause an infestation or infection?

A

Infection

26
Q

Do flukes cause an infestation or infection?

A

Infection

27
Q

Do tapeworms cause an infestation or infection?

A

Infection

28
Q

What is the route by which animal facility personnel may become infected by amoebas?

A

Contact with the animal’s contaminated feces

29
Q

What animal is the true definitive host for Toxoplasma gondii?

A

Cat

30
Q

What flagellate causes sleeping sickness?

A

Trypanasoma Brucei

31
Q

Which of the following characteristics apply to helminths? Choose all that apply
A- They are multicellular
B- Most can only be seen under a microscope
C- They have differentiated organs
D- They are ectoparasites
E- None or zoonotic
F- They all have an aquatic stage in their life cycle

A

A- They are multicellular
C- They have differentiated organs

32
Q

Which of the following groups of parasites contain organisms that can be observed without the use of a microscope? Choose all that apply
A-Protozoa
B- Helminths
C- Arthropods
D- Apicomplexans

A

B- Helminths
D- Apicomplexans

33
Q

What term describes lice infestation?

A

Pediculosis

34
Q

True or False
One characteristic that distinguishes fleas from lice is that fleas have wings and lice do not.

A

False

35
Q

What is the pH range in which clinically relevant bacteria grow?

A

Between 6.5 and 7.5

36
Q

What is another name for nematodes?

A

Roundworms

37
Q

True or False
Ticks and mites go through a nymph stage during their development.

A

True

38
Q

True or False
Acariasis is the term used to describe the presence of leeches on the skin of animals.

A

False

39
Q

True or False
Fleas have two sets of wings.

A

False

40
Q

True or False
Mange in dogs and other animals is caused by mites

A

True

LATG (22 decks)

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