Chapter 13: Agents Of Infectious Disease

Question 1

True or False
The main difference between bacteria and viruses is that bacteria contain nucleic acids and viruses do not.

Answer 1

False

Question 2

True or False
A Gram positive bacterium has a thin internal cell wall.

Answer 2

False

Question 3

What are the three most common bacterial shapes?

Answer 3

1- Cocci
2- Bacilli
3- Spiral

Question 4

What is the difference between a microaerophilic bacterium and an aerobic bacterium?

Answer 4

A microaerophilic bacterium grows best in low oxygen concentration: an aerobic bacterium grows in a normal atmospheric concentration of oxygen

Question 5

Name at least three characteristics that are used to identify bacteria

Answer 5

1- Oxygen requirements
2- Staining characteristics
3- pH needs
4- Nutrition requirements
5- Form and structure

Question 6

Which of the following is not a mode of bacterial locomotion?
A- Squirming
B- Gliding
C- Writhing
D- Propulsion

Answer 6

C- Writhing

Question 7

A bacteria with cilia will have:
A- Hair like structures on the outside of the plasma membrane
B- Long tail-like structures on the outside of the cell
C- A blob-like shape and smooth cell wall
D- A thick capsule surrounding the cell

Answer 7

A- Hair like structures on the outside of the plasma membrane

Question 8

Bacteria staining dark blue to purple with Gram stain are called:

Answer 8

Gram positive

Question 9

True or False
Most viruses have a cytoplasm which contains DNA, RNA, and proteins.

Answer 9

False

Question 10

What is the definition of virulence?
A- The degree of pathogenicity of a microorganism
B- The ability of an organism to infect a host
C- The speed with which an organism can replicate
D- The resistance of an organism to the immune system

Answer 10

A- The degree of pathogenicity of a microorganism

Question 11

Prions are infectious agents that are made up of:

Answer 11

Proteins

Question 12

What two diseases are believed to be caused by prions?

Answer 12

1- Bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE or mad cow disease)
2- Scrapie in sheep

Question 13

Hyphae are multicellular tubular structures characteristic of:
A- Prions
B- molds
C- Yeasts
D- Viruses

Answer 13

B- Molds

Question 14

Which of the following statements about Pneumocystis spp. is FALSE?
A- Pneumocystis is a significant clinical concern in immunosuppressed animals
B- Pneumocystis is a common organism found in many different laboratory species
C- Pneumocystis is a cutaneous mycosis causing hair loss and scaly skin
D- Pneumocystis is a pathogenic fungi that is considered a systemic mycosis

Answer 14

C- Pneumocystis is a cutaneous mycosis causing hair loss and scaly skin

Question 15

What is the common name for dermatophytosis?

Answer 15

Ringworm

Question 16

True or False
Very strict husbandry protocols are necessary to prevent prion transmission.

Answer 16

True

Question 17

Parasites that live on the outside of the body are known as _________________; parasites that live in the body are known as ___________________.

Answer 17

Ectoparasites ; endoparasites

Question 18

Does Shigella spp. cause an infestation or infection?

Answer 18

Infection

Question 19

Does Microsporum spp. cause an infestation or infection?

Answer 19

Infection

Question 20

Do fleas cause an infestation or infection?

Answer 20

Infestation

Question 21

Does Entamoeba histolytica cause an infestation or infection?

Answer 21

Infection

Question 22

Does Giardia spp. cause an infestation or infection?

Answer 22

Infection

Question 23

Do ticks cause an infestation or infection?

Answer 23

Infestation

Question 24

Do Heartworms cause an infestation or infection?

Answer 24

Infection

Question 25

Do pinworms cause an infestation or infection?

Answer 25

Infection

Question 26

Do flukes cause an infestation or infection?

Answer 26

Infection

Question 27

Do tapeworms cause an infestation or infection?

Answer 27

Infection

Question 28

What is the route by which animal facility personnel may become infected by amoebas?

Answer 28

Contact with the animal’s contaminated feces

Question 29

What animal is the true definitive host for Toxoplasma gondii?

Answer 29

Cat

Question 30

What flagellate causes sleeping sickness?

Answer 30

Trypanasoma Brucei

Question 31

Which of the following characteristics apply to helminths? Choose all that apply A- They are multicellular B- Most can only be seen under a microscope C- They have differentiated organs D- They are ectoparasites E- None or zoonotic F- They all have an aquatic stage in their life cycle

Answer 31

A- They are multicellular C- They have differentiated organs

Question 32

Which of the following groups of parasites contain organisms that can be observed without the use of a microscope? Choose all that apply A-Protozoa B- Helminths C- Arthropods D- Apicomplexans

Answer 32

B- Helminths D- Apicomplexans

Question 33

What term describes lice infestation?

Answer 33

Pediculosis

Question 34

True or False One characteristic that distinguishes fleas from lice is that fleas have wings and lice do not.

Answer 34

False

Question 35

What is the pH range in which clinically relevant bacteria grow?

Answer 35

Between 6.5 and 7.5

Question 36

What is another name for nematodes?

Answer 36

Roundworms

Question 37

True or False Ticks and mites go through a nymph stage during their development.

Answer 37

True

Question 38

True or False Acariasis is the term used to describe the presence of leeches on the skin of animals.

Answer 38

False

Question 39

True or False Fleas have two sets of wings.

Answer 39

False

Question 40

True or False Mange in dogs and other animals is caused by mites

Answer 40

True