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LATG Practice Questions > Chapter 13 Agents of Infectious Disease > Flashcards

Chapter 13 Agents of Infectious Disease Flashcards

(79 cards)

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1
Q

A subclinical disease”

A

has no observable signs

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2
Q

What definition is most accurate for the term “disease”?

A

An altered physiological state in which the function of a tissue, organ, or body system has been impaired.

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3
Q

A Gram-positive bacterium has a thin internal cell wall

A

False

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4
Q

A bacteria with cilia has:

A

hair like structures on the outside of the cell

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5
Q

Bacterial virulence is directly proportional to disease severity:

A

True

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6
Q

Bacteria that can grow in low oxygen environments are known by what term?

A

Microaerophilic

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7
Q

Botulism is caused by a bacterial toxin

A

True

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8
Q

What is the term for bacteria staining purplish-blue with Gram-stain?

A

Gram-postive

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9
Q

What is true about all bacteria?

A

They do not have mitochondria in their cytoplasm

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10
Q

All bacteria have a capsule

A

False

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11
Q

What is the term for a bacterium requiring normal atmospheric oxygen concentration to survive?

A

Aerobic

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12
Q

What characteristics generally apply to bacterial spores?

A
  • They are dormant forms of the bacteria

- They may remain viable even after being autoclaved

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13
Q

Which type of RNA virus is influenza?

A

Orthomyxovirus

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14
Q

Which type of RNA virus is carried from animal to animal by mosquitoes, ticks, and lice?

A

Arbovirus

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15
Q

In the laboratory, viruses can be grown in cell cultures.

A

True

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16
Q

B virus belongs to which group of viruses?

A

Herpesviruses

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17
Q

Viruses that infect animals are found in the host’s cells.

A

True

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18
Q

In which laboratory species is the B virus found?

A

Macaques

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19
Q

A typical virus is made of an envelope containing both DNA and RNA’ and proteins.

A

False

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20
Q

Macaques that have contracted the B virus do not shed it until symptoms are observable.

A

False

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21
Q

Serological tests are the most common method used to identify viruses.

A

True

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22
Q

What group of viruses contain DNA?

A
  • Poxviruses
  • Parvoviruses
  • Herpesviruses
  • Rotaviruses
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23
Q

Which type of RNA virus is mouse hepatitis virus?

A

Coronavirus

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24
Q

What is TRUE about viruses?

A

They do not reproduce outside of a host cell.

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25
Which decontamination method is the only way to ensure complete destruction of prions?
Incineration
26
Because prions are very difficult to inactivate, very strict husbandry protocols are necessary to prevent their transmission.
True
27
Which species has proven to be a valuable model for encephalopathies caused by prions?
Hamsters
28
Bleach can be used to reduce the level of prion contamination on infected surfaces.
True
29
Ringworm is an example of what?
Cutaneous mycosis
30
What term is used to describe a disease caused by fungi?
Mycosis
31
Mycology is the study of which organism?
Fungi
32
What easily observable sign could suggest a diagnosis of dermatophytosis?
Crusty lesions around a few hairs or a slight scaliness of the skin.
33
Yeasts are unicellular fungi.
True
34
Some fungi are transmitted through inhalation of infectious spores
True
35
How would animal facility personnel become infected by apicomplexan organisms?
Contact with the feces of infected animals
36
Giardia spp. are that live in their host's gastrointestinal tract.
flagellates
37
Flatworm, roundworms, and thorny-headed worms belong to which group of parasites?
Helminths
38
Cats are the definitive host of which species of apicomplexan parasite?
Toxoplasma gondii
39
Endoparasites live all their lives inside their host
False
40
Parasites of which group are generally flat, have oral suckers, and have larval forms that hatch in water?
Trematodes
41
Which group of worms are generally elongate, cylindrical, and non-segmented?
Nematodes
42
Proglottids are rice-like segments of which parasite?
Tapeworm
43
The species responsible for producing hydatid cysts in the liver of rats belongs to which group of helminths?
Cestodes
44
Flukes are a common parasite of laboratory animals
False
45
What are some parasites that are considered zoonotic?
- Entamoeba histolytica - Toxoplasma gondii - Trypanosome brucei
46
Most helminths are only visible under a light microscope.
False, most helminths are large enough to be visible to the naked eye
47
Which nematode has the unique characteristic of not producing eggs?
Filaria
48
The intermediate hosts for tapeworms Dipylidium caninum are fleas.
True
49
What parasite serves as an intermediate host for the tapeworm Dipylidium caninum which is found on dogs and cats?
Fleas
50
What is the most common arachnind parasite found in animal facilities?
Mite
51
What are lice eggs called?
Nits
52
In which life stage do fleas encase themselves in a cocoons?
Pupa
53
Where are pinworms usually found?
Cecum and colon
54
What term is used for lice infestation?
Pediculosis
55
One characteristic that distinguishes fleas from lice is that they have wings and lice do not.
False
56
What are hydatid cysts?
Fluid-filled cyst containing tapeworm larvae
57
Which arthropods lack jointed legs?
Pentastomids
58
Many different organisms can grow in a(n) agar, but differences in their reactions can be observed.
differential
59
Which group of worms are generally elongate, cylindrical, and non-segmented?
Nematodes
60
Mosquitoes are vectors for the transmission of which of the following parasites?
Heartworms
61
Toxocara canis is which type of parasite?
Ascarid
62
Parasites of which group are generally flat, have oral suckers, and have larval forms that hatch in water?
Trematodes
63
Which cutaneous mycosis can affect a frog's ability to regulate oxygen flow across its skin?
Chytridiomycosis
64
Which type of RNA virus is carried from animal to animal by mosquitoes, ticks, and lice?
Arbovirus
65
What best describes a bacterial spore?
It is the bacterial chromosomes surrounded by a tough coating.
66
What is the definition of virulence?
The degree of pathogenicity of an organism
67
How do hookworms generally enter the body?
Penetration of the skin or oral mucosa
68
Which of the following is a common fungal infection in zebrafish?
Pseudoloma neurophilia
69
What fungi are microsporidia that cause lethargy, tremors, and partial paralysis in rabbits?
Encephalitozoon cuniculi
70
Which group of worms are generally elongate, cylindrical, and non-segmented?
Nematodes
71
Due to the addition of specific nutrients, only a particular organism or type of organism may grow in a ______ agar.
selective
72
What is the definition of virulence?
The degree of pathogenicity of an organism
73
What type of RNA virus is the West Nile virus?
Arbovirus
74
The term "slow virus" is often used to describe which organism?
Prion
75
What cutaneous mycosis can affect a frog's ability to regulate oxygen flow across its skin?
Chytridiomycosis
76
What characteristic is true of sucking lice but not true of chewing lice?
Sucking lice have narrow heads and mouthparts.
77
What type of RNA virus is the measles?
Paramyxovirus
78
Species from the genera Giardia are members of which group of protozoan parasites?
Flagellates
79
The genus of roundworms known as whipworms is a member of which group of helminths ?
Nematodes

LATG Practice Questions (22 decks)

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