Unit 2 Review

Question 1

BLANK allows lipids to be absorbed through the wall of the small intestine and used as energy in the body.

Answer 1

Bile

Question 2

The carbon bound to three hydrogens on one end of a fatty acid is called a _______ group.

Answer 2

methyl

Question 3

What is the process by which isolators prevent microorganisms from reaching the animals housed inside?

Answer 3

Exclusion

Question 4

Which term refers to the thousands of microbial species that inhabit a specific host?

Answer 4

Microbiome

Question 5

Which enzyme works with gastric acid to break down protein in the digestive system?

Answer 5

Pepsin

Question 6

What breaks down dietary fiber?

Answer 6

Bacteria

Question 7

Which of the following is a disaccharide?

Answer 7

Sucrose

Question 8

Which carbohydrate serves as energy storage in animals?

Answer 8

Glycogen

Question 9

From what is the hormone prostaglandin derived?

Answer 9

Lipids

Question 10

Cloning DNA is accomplished by either polymerase chain reaction (PCR) or by using:

Answer 10

bacteria

Question 11

When wild-type females are mated with hemizygous or heterozygous males, approximately what proportion will have the desired genotype?

Answer 11

50%

Question 12

How do restriction enzymes cut DNA in a sample into several smaller pieces?

Answer 12

They bind at specific base pair sequences and cut the DNA at those sites.

Question 13

What best describes a peptide?

Answer 13

Small protein

Question 14

Which carbohydrate is a monosaccharide?

Answer 14

Glucose

Question 15

What must be checked to ensure that a bag of feed has stable vitamin content?

Answer 15

Shelf life

Question 16

Which factor can lead to the embryos collected from donor females for injection of modified DNA not being at the appropriate cell stage of development?

Answer 16

Light cycle was disrupted.

Question 17

What is the process by which isolators prevent microorganisms from reaching the animals housed inside?

Answer 17

Exclusion

Question 18

The component parts of triglycerides are free fatty acids and __________ .

Answer 18

glycerol

Question 19

Which of the following procedures determines the level of mRNA transcripts in a sample?

Answer 19

Quantitative RT-PCR

Question 20

The deficiency of which essential micromineral results in impaired glucose metabolism?

Answer 20

Chromium

Question 21

Which carbohydrate is what is known as table sugar?

Answer 21

Sucrose

Question 22

The roles of cell-to-cell communication and self-recognition by the immune system are fulfilled by:

Answer 22

glycoproteins

Question 23

What carbohydrate serves as energy storage in animals?

Answer 23

Glycogen

Question 24

The carbon bound to three hydrogens on one end of a fatty acid is called a _______ group.

Answer 24

methyl

Question 25

What best describes a peptide?

Answer 25

Small protein

Question 26

What must be checked to ensure that a bag of feed has stable vitamin content?

Answer 26

Shelf life

Question 27

What is NOT a dietary macromineral?

Answer 27

Copper

Question 28

What statement regarding fixed and managed formulations of dietary feed is FALSE?

Answer 28

In a managed formulation, the least expensive ingredients, according to the market price, are used

Question 29

What are the four bases found in DNA?

Answer 29

Adenine, guanine, cytosine, thymine

Question 30

What bases can pair together in DNA?

Answer 30

Guanine–Cytosine

Question 31

In which process are germ cells produced?

Answer 31

Meiosis

Question 32

What statement is TRUE regarding mitosis and meiosis?

Answer 32

Mitosis results in two diploid daughter cells, and meiosis results in four haploid daughter cells.

Question 33

Cloning DNA is accomplished by either polymerase chain reaction (PCR) or by using:

Answer 33

Bacteria

Question 34

Using Western blot, what enables visualization of the protein?

Answer 34

Antibodies

Question 35

What are pronuclei?

Answer 35

The nuclei of the eggs shortly after fertilization

Question 36

What is the goal of genotyping?

Answer 36

To determine if a specific DNA fragment is present in the genome of an organism

Question 37

What statement regarding chimeras is FALSE?

Answer 37

Like sperm, embryonic stem cells are haploid and always transmit the mutation

Question 38

For which purpose does the transfer sleeve of an isolator have nipples?

Answer 38

Sterilant injection

Question 39

What carbohydrate is a monosaccharide?

Answer 39

Glucose

Question 40

In mitosis, what do the chromosomes do after replicating in order to split into daughter cells?

Answer 40

Pair up

Question 41

What is a genetically engineered animal that has had one or more genes from its genome functionally removed?

Answer 41

Knockout

Question 42

How long can embryos be surgically transferred to recipient mice?

Answer 42

Until the embryos are 3.5 days old

Question 43

What term is used for a DNA sequence obtained from bacteria?

Answer 43

Transposon

Question 44

What carbohydrate consists of two glucose units bound together?

Answer 44

Maltose

Question 45

_______ allows lipids to be absorbed through the wall of the small intestine and used as energy in the body.

Answer 45

Bile

Question 46

The deficiency of which essential micromineral results in impaired glucose metabolism?

Answer 46

Chromium

Question 47

What statement is TRUE regarding mitosis and meiosis?

Answer 47

Mitosis results in two diploid daughter cells, and meiosis results in four haploid daughter cells

Question 48

What best describes genetic engineering?

Answer 48

Manipulating DNA molecules to alter their composition

Question 49

What is the goal of genotyping?

Answer 49

To determine if a specific DNA fragment is present in the genome of an organism

Question 50

Among transgenic mice, what does the generation called F2 represent?

Answer 50

The second generation of the founder of a line

Question 51

What statement regarding chimeras is FALSE?

Answer 51

Like sperm, embryonic stem cells are haploid and always transmit the mutation.

Question 52

What term refers to the thousands of microbial species that inhabit a specific host?

Answer 52

Microbiome