Chapter 8 Biochemistry and Nutrition and Feed

Question 1

Ketones are implicated in which disease?

Answer 1

Diabetes mellitus

Question 2

The study of chemical compounds and complex reactions in living systems is known as:

Answer 2

Biochemistry

Question 3

How would you classify a carbohydrate containing 5 saccharides unts?

Answer 3

Oligosaccharide

Question 4

What is another name for glucose?

Answer 4

Dextrose

Question 5

Blood types are characterized by the carbohydrate portions of BLANK on the surface of cells and the carbohydrate portion of serum BLANK.

Answer 5

glycolipids, glycoproteins

Question 6

BLANK are the main constituents of animals fats.

Answer 6

Triglycerides

Question 7

The sheath around many nerves is called:

Answer 7

myelin

Question 8

The component parts of triglycerides are cholesterol and free fatty acids.

Answer 8

False

Question 9

Animal fat contains more unsaturated fatty acid then vegetable oils.

Answer 9

False

Question 10

Prostaglandin is a hormone that is derived from lipids.

Answer 10

True

Question 11

What animal has a tongue that secretes lipase to digest fats and oils?

Answer 11

Rat

Question 12

A complex lipid that includes a carbohydrate portion is a :

Answer 12

glycolipid

Question 13

Blood plasma that appears cloudy may be in indication of what condition or disease state?

Answer 13

Lipemia

Question 14

Cholesterol is a steroid.

Answer 14

True

Question 15

In dogs and pigs, the digestion of lipids does not begin until food reaches the stomach.

Answer 15

True

Question 16

Cholesterol is soluble in blood.

Answer 16

False

Question 17

BLANK are the building blocks of proteins.

Answer 17

Amino acids

Question 18

What regulates body functions?

Answer 18

Hormones

Question 19

What is an example of a structural portein?

Answer 19

Keratin

Question 20

What type of protein is typically intracellular and helps to turn on or off chemical reactions?

Answer 20

Regulatory

Question 21

What proteins are biological catalysts which perform work of chemical reactions in cells?

Answer 21

Enzymes

Question 22

Enzymes are an example of what type of biochemical compounds?

Answer 22

Proteins

Question 23

Some amino acids are considered essential only for young growing animals.

Answer 23

True

Question 24

The deficiency of what essential micromineral results in anemia and fatty degeneration of the liver?

Answer 24

Cobalt

Question 25

Many micromnerals are toxic at high concentrations.

Answer 25

True

Question 26

What is the chemical name of vitamin C?

Answer 26

Ascrobic acid

Question 27

Monogastric species are often referred to as:

Answer 27

Cecal digesters

Question 28

What vitamin is water soluble?

Answer 28

Vitamin B

Question 29

What micromineral is an important component of Vitamin B12?

Answer 29

Cobalt

Question 30

Fiber is also referred to as starch.

Answer 30

False

Question 31

Dietary fiber can cause decreased mineral absorption.

Answer 31

True

Question 32

Fiber is a carbohydrate.

Answer 32

True

Question 33

How can the diet be changed to treat internal parasites?

Answer 33

Add fenbendazole.

Question 34

Nutritional requirements within a species may vary due to genetic differences.

Answer 34

True

Question 35

Animals on estrogen-sensitive studies should be fed a diet high in isoflavones.

Answer 35

False

Question 36

A laboratory animal's diet is a controllable variable.

Answer 36

True

Question 37

What are the two types of acceptable diet formulations for laboratory animals?

Answer 37

Fixed and managed

Question 38

Most older animals require more protein and calories than young animals.

Answer 38

False

Question 39

In atherosclerosis what is deposited on the inner lining of blood vessels that restricts blood flow?

Answer 39

Cholesterol.

Question 40

Ketones are implicated in what disease?

Answer 40

Diabetes mellitus

Question 41

The enzyme that is lacking in individuals with phenyketonuria (PKU) normally transforms the amino acid phenylalanine into which non-essential amino acid?

Answer 41

Tryosine

Question 42

What hormone is not properly secreted or used in bodies with diabetes mellitus?

Answer 42

Insulin

Question 43

Carbohydrates made up of two monosaccharides are classified as:

Answer 43

Disaccharides

Question 44

What breaks down dietary fiber?

Answer 44

Bacteria

Question 45

What carbohydrate can be digested only by some species, such as ungulates and lagomorphs?

Answer 45

Cellulose

Question 46

What proteins are biological catalysts which perform work of chemical reactions in cells?

Answer 46

Ensymes

Question 47

What condition can newborns with phenylketonuria (PKU) develop?

Answer 47

Mental retardation

Question 48

Steroids belong in which group of organic compounds?

Answer 48

Lipids

Question 49

What type of fatty acid has one double bond between two carbons?

Answer 49

Monounsaturated

Question 50

What enzyme that adies in the digestion of starches and other polysaccharides?

Answer 50

Amylase

Question 51

On what characteristic are the two categories of dietary minerals (micro- and macrominerals) based?

Answer 51

Their biological importance

Question 52

What is the example of a disaccharide?

Answer 52

Sucrose

Question 53

What is an example of an unsaturated fatty acid?

Answer 53

Linoleic acid

Question 54

Which animal has a tongue that secretes lipase to digest fats and oil?

Answer 54

Mouse

Question 55

Blood plasma that appears cloudy may be an indication of what condition?

Answer 55

Lipemia

Question 56

How would you classify a carbohydrate containing 5 saccharde units?

Answer 56

Oligosaccharide

Question 57

What is the primary source of energy used by the body for all metabolic processes?

Answer 57

Glucose

Question 58

What groups of organic compounds is the largest component of plasma membranes?

Answer 58

Lipids

Question 59

What does the term "saturated fatty acid" mean?

Answer 59

All of the carbons are connected to as many hydrogen atoms as possible

Question 60

What is measured in the blood to assess lipid metabolism?

Answer 60

Triglyceride

Question 61

What are the three components of a nucleotide?

Answer 61

Nitrogenous base Sugar Phosphate group

Question 62

What molecules are structural proteins?

Answer 62

Collagen and keratin

Question 63

Vitamins serve as chemical partners with what to help maintain normal cell functions?

Answer 63

Enzymes

Question 64

Zinc is an example of a...

Answer 64

micromeneral

Question 65

A fatty acid with a single double bond between two carbons is considered what of fat?

Answer 65

Monounsaturated

Question 66

Vitamin A

Answer 66

Fat soluble

Question 67

Vitamin C

Answer 67

Water soluble

Question 68

Vitamin B12

Answer 68

Water soluble

Question 69

Vitamin K

Answer 69

Fat soluble

Question 70

Vitamin E

Answer 70

Fat soluble

Question 71

Cholesterol is a lipid that is soluble in blood

Answer 71

False

Question 72

What are the basic components of proteins?

Answer 72

Amino acid

Question 73

What breaks down dietary fiber?

Answer 73

Bacterial fermentation

Question 74

What type of animal can degrade fiber and use it for a main source of energy?

Answer 74

Ruminants

Question 75

What 2 laboratory animals species require vitamin C in the diet because they cannot synthesize it in their body?

Answer 75

Guinea pig | Nonhuman Primate

Question 76

What two species require supplementation of their diet with taurine?

Answer 76

Ferrets and cats

Question 77

What carbohydrate consists of two glucose units bound together?

Answer 77

Maltose

Question 78

Organic acids consisting of a chain of hydrocarbons are __________.

Answer 78

fatty acids

Question 79

What is the most abundant protein found in a mammal?

Answer 79

Collagen

Question 80

What enzyme works with gastric acid to break down protein in the digestive system?

Answer 80

Pepsin

Question 81

An imbalance in the different types of lipoproteins (HDL versus LDL) is a major contributing factor in which of the following diseases?

Answer 81

Atherosclerosis