Unit 3 and 4 Review Exam

Question 1

Miconazole is what type of drug?

Answer 1

Antifungal

Question 2

Which type of research would be particularly affected if ferrets in a study had Aleutian disease?

Answer 2

Immunological

Question 3

If active scavenging is used, the scavenging system is connected to which part of the re breathing system?

Answer 3

Pop-off valve

Question 4

When speaking of multimodal drug therapy, “modal” refers to different modes of:

Answer 4

action

Question 5

What do depressed levels of neutrophils usually indicate?

Answer 5

Active viral infection

Question 6

Which group of worms are generally elongate, cylindrical, and non-segmented?

Answer 6

Nematodes

Question 7

What causes most of the illness of pasteurellosis in ruminants?

Answer 7

A baceterial endotoxin

Question 8

Leukocytes generally make up what percentage of the total blood volume?

Answer 8

1%

Question 9

Which disease in fish can be successfully treated with repeated dilute formalin baths?

Answer 9

Ich

Question 10

Which method is used to diagnose coccidiosis in rabbits?

Answer 10

Fecal flotation

Question 11

What is the typical treatment for a ruminant with a severely distended, bloated abdomen

Answer 11

Surgical incision of the rumen

Question 12

Which drug is a dissociative agent?

Answer 12

Ketamine

Question 13

The term “slow virus” is often used to describe which organism?

Answer 13

Prion

Question 14

Which type of virus is human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)?

Answer 14

Retrovirus

Question 15

Which antibiotics have the potential to cause inner ear and kidney toxicity?

Answer 15

Aminoglycosides

Question 16

For which of the following conditions are cephalosporins often used?

Answer 16

Conditions that have shown resistance to other antibiotics

Question 17

In a study testing the effects of different types of analgesia on wound healing:1) some mice are housed closer to a refrigerator that is known to cause cages on a rack to vibrate; 2) one treatment group is composed only of female mice who weigh less than males; and 3) one investigator coding the severity of wounds over times believes that only one of the analgesia types is effective. If a significant effect is found when the data is analyzed, it could be the result of a(n):

Answer 17

nonexperimental variable.

Question 18

Which rodent should be fasted overnight if it is to be intubated?

Answer 18

Guinea pig

Question 19

In which species is atropine not effective to reduce salivation under anesthesia?

Answer 19

Rabbits

Question 20

Which swine disease can be prevented by vaccination?

Answer 20

Staphylococcus hyicus

Question 21

What is the definition of virulence?

Answer 21

The degree of pathogenicity of an organism

Question 22

Pseudocapillaroides xenopi is what type of organism

Answer 22

Nematode

Question 23

Which antibiotics are used to treat infections with parasitic protozoa, such as Amoeba, Giardia, and Trichomonas?

Answer 23

Nitroimidazoles

Question 24

Which of the following is a type of acquired immune response?

Answer 24

Antigen-mediated

Question 25

What is an antibody titer?

Answer 25

The greatest dilution of blood sample with a positive result when exposed to the antigen

Question 26

When using rebreathing anesthesia systems, which of the following reaches the animal's lungs?

Answer 26

A mixture of fresh and exhaled gases

Question 27

Which is the stage when a protozoan parasite actively multiplies?

Answer 27

Trophozoite

Question 28

Which of the following is a type of interferon?

Answer 28

Beta

Question 29

Toxocara canis is which type of parasite?

Answer 29

Ascarid

Question 30

Which of the following is an example of histopathology?

Answer 30

Thin slices of tissue are fixed, stained, and examined under the microscope.

Question 31

The presence of antibodies against a pathogen is known as:

Answer 31

seroconversion.

Question 32

The genus of roundworms known as whipworms is a member of which group of helminths ?

Answer 32

Nematodes

Question 33

The four processes by which a drug is handled by the body — absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion — are the focus of which discipline?

Answer 33

Pharmacokinetics

Question 34

Which action will NOT be taken at the end of our study if the p-value of our statistical test is less than 0.05?

Answer 34

Conclude that there is no significant difference between groups.

Question 35

Which cells are the first to recognize the presence of bacterial antigens and release chemical signals to immune cells in other locations?

Answer 35

Phagocytes

Question 36

The volume of the rebreathing bag in an anesthesia system should be how many times the animal's tidal volume?

Answer 36

4

Question 37

Which cell lineage is affected in XID mice?

Answer 37

B cell

Question 38

An anesthetic log should be kept for each animal. How often should vital parameters be recorded?

Answer 38

Every 10-15 minutes

Question 39

Which factor is an advantage of barbiturate agents?

Answer 39

Time to loss of consciousness

Question 40

Which of the following is NOT characteristic of feline respiratory disease?

Answer 40

A harsh dry cough

Question 41

Which type of virus is orf?

Answer 41

Poxvirus

Question 42

Which disease found in fish can cause nonhealing granuloma ulcers on the skin in humans?

Answer 42

Mycobacteriosis

Question 43

In the recognition stage of an immune response, which of the following encounter an antigen-presenting cell?

Answer 43

B lymphocyes

Question 44

What is the most abundant immunoglobulin found in the serum of mammals?

Answer 44

IgG

Question 45

Which of the following is a way that a secondary immunodeficiency disease can be acquired?

Answer 45

Poor nutrition

Question 46

Scrapie in sheep is believed to be caused by which infectious agent?

Answer 46

Prions

Question 47

Dirofilaria immitis is the cause of:

Answer 47

Heart worm disease

Question 48

Bioluminescent imaging requires a light signal from which molecule?

Answer 48

Luciferin

Question 49

What is the best way to determine the amount of nitrous oxide left in a tank?

Answer 49

Weigh the tank

Question 50

What is an example of a contrast medium?

Answer 50

Gadolinium

Question 51

What makes rabbits prone to blockages caused by hairballs?

Answer 51

Small pyloric lumen

Question 52

In what technique is the x-ray beam rotated 360 degrees around the patient to allow precise locations of leasions?

Answer 52

Comeputed tomography

Question 53

What disease in fish is caused by a protozoan species?

Answer 53

Ich

Question 54

What drug is often combined with benzodiazepine tranquilizers to induce a dissociative state and provide pain relief and sedation?

Answer 54

Ketamine

Question 55

Pseudocapillarioides xenopi is what type of organism?

Answer 55

Nematode

Question 56

What is NOT a function of interferons?

Answer 56

Attenuation (reduction) of the immune response of surrounding cells

Question 57

Parasite of which group are generally flat, have oral suckers, and have larval forms that hatch in water?

Answer 57

Trematodes

Question 58

Gentamicin and kanamycin are examples of which type of antibiotics?

Answer 58

Aminoglycosides

Question 59

What cells are the first to recognize the presence of bacterial antigens and release chemical signals to immune cells in other locations?

Answer 59

Phagocytes

Question 60

What is the least likely to cause intestinal inflammation in mice or rats?

Answer 60

Mycoplasma spp

Question 61

Hard bloat in Xenopus is caused by what?

Answer 61

Bacterial infection

Question 62

What characteristic is TRUE about heminths?

Answer 62

They have differentiated organs

Question 63

What does an ultrasonic Doppler flow detector measure?

Answer 63

Blood pressure

Question 64

A hamster was treated with penicillin to treat an infection caused by a gram-positive organism. The animal died the morning after the treatment. What is the cause of death that you should immediately consider?

Answer 64

A toxin secreated by Clostridium difficile killed the animal.

Question 65

The secretion of antibodies occurs during which step of the acquired immune response?

Answer 65

Response

Question 66

Species from the genera Giardia are memebers of what group of protozoan parasites?

Answer 66

Flagellates

Question 67

To examine mucus scrapped from the skin of an aquatic species, what substance is used to prepare the slide?

Answer 67

Tank water

Question 68

What term would you use to describe the effect of a combination of a phenothiazine tranquilizer and an anesthetic?

Answer 68

Additive

Question 69

What enzyme can be found in tears, saliva, and nasal secretions and destroys bacteria?

Answer 69

Lysozyme

Question 70

What component of the innate immune system coats the surface of invading organisms to facilitate their attack by the macrophages?

Answer 70

Complement proteins

Question 71

What is the role of cytokines?

Answer 71

They transmit information about the presence of a foreign substance.

Question 72

What cells have a similar role to macrophages in presenting the antigen to other cells.

Answer 72

Dendritic cells

Question 73

The secretion of antibodies occurs during which step of the acquired immune response?

Answer 73

Response

Question 74

The major histocompatibility complex proteins (MHC) are found on the surface of which cells?

Answer 74

T cells

Question 75

What cells are the first to recognize the presence of bacterial antigens and release chemical signals to immune cells in other locations?

Answer 75

Phagocytes

Question 76

What nematode has the unique characteristic of not producing eggs?

Answer 76

Filaria

Question 77

Parasites of which group are generally flat, have oral suckers, and have larval forms that hatch in water?

Answer 77

Trematodes

Question 78

What type of drug is NOT part of heartworm treatment?

Answer 78

Antifungal

Question 79

What is NOT characteristic of feline respiratory disease?

Answer 79

A harsh dry cough

Question 80

What is the most common sign of infection with B virus?

Answer 80

Oral lesions or ulcers

Question 81

What is the typical treatment for a ruminant with a severely distended, bloated abdomen?

Answer 81

Surgical incision of the rumen

Question 82

Pseudocapillaroides xenopi is what type of organism?

Answer 82

Nematode

Question 83

What disease may result in the sudden death of large numbers of fish in the aquaria?

Answer 83

Gas bubble disease

Question 84

What is the most common disease of freshwater fish maintained in aquaria in institutional settings?

Answer 84

Microsporidiosis

Question 85

What method is most commonly used for the detection of pinworm species?

Answer 85

Cellophane tape test

Question 86

To examine mucus scraped from the skin of an aquatic species, what substance is used to prepare the slide?

Answer 86

Tank water

Question 87

The buffy coat in the hematocrit tube can be collected and used to determine which of the following?

Answer 87

Morphology of the white blood cells

Question 88

What do high concentrations of neutrophils usually indicate?

Answer 88

Active bacterial infection

Question 89

In which technique is the x-ray beam rotated 360° around the patient to allow precise location of lesions?

Answer 89

Computed tomography

Question 90

What technique uses a radioisotope to provide images of in vivo biological processes?

Answer 90

Positron emission tomography

Question 91

Tamoxifen is an example of a drug whose efficacy is dependent upon which factor?

Answer 91

Time of day

Question 92

What does the term "drug spectrum" refer to?

Answer 92

The type of organisms it is effective against

Question 93

Gentamicin and kanamycin are examples of which type of antibiotics?

Answer 93

Aminoglycosides

Question 94

A hamster was treated with penicillin to treat an infection caused by a gram-positive organism. The animal died the morning after the treatment. What is a cause of death that you should immediately consider?

Answer 94

A toxin secreted by Clostridium difficile killed the animal.

Question 95

What term would you use to describe the effect of a combination of a phenothiazine tranquilizer and an anesthetic?

Answer 95

Additive

Question 96

Yohimbine is which type of drug?

Answer 96

Alpha-2 adrenergic antagonist

Question 97

What is a serious complication associated with the use of the anesthetic tribromoethanol?

Answer 97

Intestinal ileus

Question 98

What measure is unnecessary when using an open-drop chamber to anesthetize an animal?

Answer 98

Ensure that enough oxygen is delivered to sustain the animal's metabolic needs.

Question 99

What reflex is not a good indicator of anesthetic depth in rodents?

Answer 99

Palpebral

Question 100

In which species does the administration of morphine frequently induce vomiting and defecation?

Answer 100

Dogs

Question 101

What phrase best defines "bias" in research?

Answer 101

Influence on study data by investigators or conditions

Question 102

What action will NOT be taken at the end of our study if the p-value of our statistical test is less than 0.05?

Answer 102

Conclude that there is no significant difference between groups