Chapter 14

Question 1

SEQ, CC, DNA experiments (3)

Answer 1

Griffith’s Experiment
Avery, MacLeod, and McCarty Experiment
Hershey Chase Experiment

Question 2

Griffith’s Experiment

Answer 2

1. Injected R-Cells = Mouse alive
2. Injected S-Cells = Mouse died
3. Injected S-Cells (Heat) = Mouse alive
4. Injected R and S cells (Heat) = Mouse died

Conclusion: Transformation

Question 3

Avery, MacLeod, and McCarty Experiment

Answer 3

Wanted to test Transformation

took S-Cells and lysed them (broke into MM)

Conclusion: ONLY DNA CAN TRANSFORM

Question 4

Hershey Chase Experiment

Answer 4

Virus is just DNA (or RNA) and protein

Phosphorus labeled DNA
Sulfur labeled Coated Protein

Conclusion: DNA is the genetic information

Question 5

CC DNA structure (3)

Answer 5

Rosalind Franklin
DNA is helical and double helix
Width of helix (purine + pyridine)

Chargaff
A=T (Purine: 2 rings)(2 H-bonds) OH
G=C (Pyrimidines: 1 Ring)(3 H-Bonds) Phosphate
A+T = G+C

Watson and Crick
DNA carries genetic info and how DNA Replicates

Question 6

CC DNA Structure

Answer 6

Double Helix

anti direction
- 1st strand: 3 to 5
- 2nd strand: 5 to 3

Question 7

DNA Replication

Answer 7

It starts at the origin of replication.

Semi-conservative Replication
Opens and Duplication

Initiation
1. Topoisomerase: holds the helix
2. Helicase: Opens the helix
3. Single strand binding (SSB): Stops reattaching

Elongation
1. RNA primase: Starter
2. DNA Polymerase

Leading strand: 5,3 towards helicase opening
Lagging strand: 3, 3 Away from helicase opening

The lagging strand makes Okazaki fragment (separation)
Ligase glues Okazaki fragment (No more separation)