Chapter 5 Flashcards
(12 cards)
CC Prokaryotic/Eukaryotic Cells
Prokaryotic
1-10 um
unicellular
no nucleus
no organelles
DNA is a circular strand
Ribosome in cytosol
Cell wall
Binary Fission
Eukaryotic
10-100 um
uni or multicellular
yes nucleus
Organelles: Mito/Chloro/Parts of Endomembrane system
DNA is linear
Ribosome in cytosol or membrane-bound
Some cell
Mitosis
CC Components of Eukaryotic (4) parts
Nucleus
Mitochondria/Chloroplasts
Ribosome
Endomembrane System
Nucleus (4)
Nuclear Envelope: 2 membrane bilayer
Inside lined by Lamina: Protein and maintains nucleus shape
Nuclear Pore: Transportation
Ribosome
- All cells have ribosome
- Structure: Not an organelle + made of rRNA and protein + Ribozymes catalyze reactions
- Function: Synthesize primary polypeptide
Mitochondria/Chloroplasts
Mitochondria: Aerobic respiration + binary fission
Chloroplasts: Photosynthesis + binary fission + Found in plants
Endomembrane System
- Phospholipid Bilayer
- Separates: Internal + External
- Lumen: Inside space
- Function: Protein movement/folding
SEQ Intracellular Transport Pathway (5)
Nucleus
Endoplasmic Reticulum
Golgi Apparatus
Lysosome
Plasma Membrane
Nucleus
- Encloses DNA
- Instructions for Protein (mRNA)
- Leaves through nuclear pore = ribosome = primary polypeptide
Endoplasmic Reticulum
Two types of ER
- Smooth ER: no ribosome + detoxify drug/poison + Metabolizes Polysaccharide
- Rough ER: yes ribosome + Protein: modify/fold + Distribute transport vesicles
Golgi Apparatus
Structure
1. Stacks of membranous sacs = cisternae
2. 2 Sides = Cis for Receiving + Trans for shipping
Function
1. Modify ER product
2. Package
3. Ships producing using transport vesicles
Lysosome
Structure
1. sacs of hydrolytic enzymes = “Cell stomach”
Function
1. Primary lysosome
No food = buds off Golgi
Yes, food = fuses with lysosome = form
- Secondary lysosome
Breaks down complex molecules
Plasma Membrane
Selectively Permeable
