Chapter 14 Flashcards
(25 cards)
somatic nervous system
innervates skeletal muscles
voluntary nervous system
cell body in CNS
nerve fiber is thick and myelinated extends to skeletal muscle
autonomic nervous system
ANS
innervates cardiac muscle, smooth muscle and glands
involuntary nervous system
agonist
stimulates the indicated receptor
antagonist
blocks or inhibits the receptor and cause the opposite effect of stimulation
direct effect
means that the stimulation is immediate without any intermediate steps
what do muscarinic receptors bind to
ACh
how will a nicotinic receptor agonist directly effect heart rate
the rate will increase
preganglionic neuron
cell body in the CNS
thin lightly myelinated preganglionic axon
postganglionic neuron
cell body s outside CNS
non myelinated postganglionic axon that extends to effector organ
what is the role of the parasympathetic divison
maintenance activities rest and digest system
what is the role of the sympathetic division
moblizes body during activity fight or flight system
loaction of ganglia
parasympathetic ganglia are in or near their visceral effector organ
sympathetic ganglia lie close to the spinal cord
sympathetic trunk
short preganglionic fiber of sympathetic nervous system
visceral reflex arc
has two motor neurons in pathway
cholinergic fibers
release ACh
located on axon terminal of somatic nervous system
all ANS preganglionc axons
all parasympathetic postganglionic axons
adrenergic fibers
release NE
located on most sympathetic postganglonic axons
what are the two cholinergic receptors
nicotinic and muscarinic
nicotinic receptors are found on
junctional folds of neuromuscular junction
dendrites of all postganglionic neurons sympathetic and parasympathetic
muscarinic receptors are found on
all effector cells stimulated by postganglionic cholinergic fibers
what are the two major classes of adrenergic receptors
Alpha (1 and 2)
Beta ( 1, 2 and 3)
sympathetic tone
continual state of partial contriction of blood vessels
parasympathetic tone
predominates over heart smooth muscle or digestive and urinary tract organs during rest
slows the heart
dictates normal activity levels of digestive and urinary tracts
which nerve fibers will conduct action potential at the slowlest velocity
postganglionic fibers of sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous system
in general alpha and beta receptors are located on
effector cells stimulated by postganglionic adrenergic fibers
