Chapter 14

Question 0

The similarity of structures between species that are not closely related (bug and bird wings)

Answer 0

Analogy

Question 1

The formation of a new species as a result of an ancestral population being separated by a geographic barrier

Answer 1

Allopatric speciation

Question 2

A two part Latinized name of a species

Answer 2

Binomial

Question 3

The definition of a species as a population or group of populations that can interbreed

Answer 3

Biological species concept

Question 4

An ancestral species and all its descendants - one branch on evolutionary tree

Answer 4

Clade

Question 5

The study of evolutionary history through clades

Answer 5

Cladistics

Question 6

The taxonomic category above order

Answer 6

Class

Question 7

Adaptive changes resulting in analogous similarities among organisms. Species from different lineages look similar

Answer 7

Convergent evolution

Question 8

A taxonomy level above kingdom. Includes Bacteria, Archaea, Eukarya

Answer 8

Domain

Question 9

Evolutionary developmental biology- studies evolution of developmental processes

Answer 9

Evi-Devo

Question 10

Taxonomic level above genus

Answer 10

Family

Question 11

Taxonomic level above species

Answer 11

Genus

Question 12

Time scale established by geologists that reflects a sequence of geologic periods

Answer 12

Geologic time scale

Question 13

Taxonomic level above phylum

Answer 13

Kingdom

Question 14

Evolutionary change on a big scale

Answer 14

Macroevolution

Question 15

Taxonomic level above family

Answer 15

Order

Question 16

The retention in the adult features that were juvenile in ancestral species

Answer 16

Paedomorphosis

Question 17

A branching diagram that represents hypothesis about evolutionary relationships between organisms

Answer 17

Phylogeny tree

Question 18

Taxonomic level above class

Answer 18

Phylum

Question 19

A reproductive barrier forming when species cross-reproduce and produce sterile offspring

Answer 19

Postzygotic barrier

Question 20

A reproductive barrier that impedes animals ability to fertilize eggs

Answer 20

Prezygotic barrier

Question 21

The term describing long periods of little change, or equilibrium, punctuated by Brooke periods of speciation

Answer 21

Punctuated equilibrium

Question 22

A method for determining the age of fossils and rocks from the rate of decay of the radioactive isotopes

Answer 22

Radiometric dating

Question 23

Anything that prevents individuals are closely related species from interbreeding, even when populations of the two species live together

Answer 23

Reproductive barrier

Question 24

The formation of new species

Answer 24

Speciation

Question 25

A group of populations whose members have similar anatomical characteristics and have the ability to interbreed

Answer 25

Species

Question 26

The formation of a new species as a result of a change that produces a reproductive barrier between the change populations

Answer 26

Sympatric speciation

Question 27

A discipline of biology that focuses on classifying organisms and determining their evolutionary relationships

Answer 27

Systematics

Question 28

The branch of biology concerned with identifying, naming, and classifying species

Answer 28

Taxonomy

Question 29

A system of taxonomic classification based on the three basic groups: bacteria, Archaea, and eukarya

Answer 29

Three domains system