Chapter 4

Question 0

The theory that all living things are composed of cells and that all cells come from other cells

Answer 0

Cell theory

Question 1

A structure that connects animal cells to one another in a tissue

Answer 1

Cell Junction

Question 2

Organelle found in plants that absorbs sunlight and uses it to power synthesis of sugars

Answer 2

Chloroplast

Question 3

The combination of DNA and proteins that constitutes chromosomes

Answer 3

Chromatin

Question 4

Gene carrying structure found in nucleus of eukaryotic cell and that is the main gene carrying structure of a prokaryotic cell

Answer 4

Chromosome

Question 5

Membrane enclosed sack occupying most of the interior of a mature plant cell

Answer 5

Central vacuole

Question 6

Folds on inner membrane of mitochondria

Answer 6

Crista

Question 7

A meshwork a fine fibers in the cytoplasm of a eukaryotic cell

Answer 7

Cytoskeleton

Question 8

Everything inside eukaryotic cell between plasma membrane and nucleus

Answer 8

Cytoplasm

Question 9

A network of organelles that partitions the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells into functional compartments

Answer 9

Endomembrane system

Question 10

Facility in a cell that produces variety of molecules

Answer 10

Endoplasmic reticulum

Question 11

Microscope that focuses is electron beam through surface of specimen

Answer 11

Electron microscope (EM)

Question 12

Substance in which cells of an animal tissue are embedded; consists of proteins and polysaccharides

Answer 12

Extracellular matrix

Question 13

Cellular membrane structure depicting a cellular membrane as a mosaic of diverse protein molecules

Answer 13

Fluid Mosaic

Question 14

Tiny sack in eukaryotic cells cytoplasm that engulfs nutrients

Answer 14

Food vacuole

Question 15

Long appendage that propels protists through the water

Answer 15

Flagella

Question 16

Short appendage that propels some protist through the water

Answer 16

Cilia

Question 17

Organelle that modifies ships and stores products of the endoplasmic reticulum

Answer 17

Golgi apparatus

Question 18

Sites in prokaryotic cell that traps light

Answer 18

Grana

Question 19

Microscope that refracts and bends visible light to magnify images

Answer 19

Light microscope (LM)

Question 20

Digestive organelle in eukaryotic cell

Answer 20

Lysosome

Question 21

Thickest of fibers making up cytoskeleton of eukaryotic cell

Answer 21

Microtubule

Question 22

Thick fluid within inner membrane of mitochondria

Answer 22

Matrix

Question 23

Organelle in eukaryotic cells were cellular respiration occurs and where ATP is made

Answer 23

Mitochondria

Question 24

Increase in apparent size of object

Answer 24

Magnification

Question 25

Genetic control center of eukaryotic cell

Answer 25

Nucleus

Question 26

Membrane surrounding nucleus and separating it from cell

Answer 26

nuclear envelope

Question 27

Structure with the nucleus of eukaryotic cell where RNA is made and assembled with proteins

Answer 27

Nucleolus

Question 28

Membrane-enclosed structure with specialized function in a eukaryotic cell

Answer 28

Organelle

Question 29

Thin layer of lipids and proteins that separates cell from surroundings

Answer 29

Plasma membrane

Question 30

Molecule with hydrophilic head and hydrophobic tail that makes up membrane of cell

Answer 30

Phospholipid

Question 31

Double layer of phospholipids molecules

Answer 31

Phospholipid bilayer

Question 32

Cell that lacks organelles and nucleus

Answer 32

Prokaryotic cell

Question 33

Measure of clarity in image in a microscope

Answer 33

Resolving power

Question 34

Organelle consisting of RNA and protein that is the site of protein synthesis

Answer 34

Ribosome

Question 35

Endoplasmic reticulum studded with ribosomes. Constructs membrane

Answer 35

Rough endoplasmic reticulum

Question 36

Endoplasmic reticulum lacking ribosomes. Contains enzymes and synthesizes lipids

Answer 36

Smooth endoplasmic reticulum

Question 37

Microscope that uses electron beam to study surface architecture of a cell

Answer 37

Scanning electron microscope (SEM)

Question 38

Microscope that uses electron beam to study internal structure of specimens

Answer 38

Transmission electron microscope (TEM)

Question 39

Tiny membrane sphere in the cell's cytoplasm carrying molecules produced by cell

Answer 39

Transport vesicles