Chapter 8

Question 0

Creation of a genetically identical offspring by a single parent

Answer 0

Asexual reproduction

Question 1

The third stage of mitosis - sister chromatids separate

Answer 1

Anaphase

Question 2

A chromosome not involved in determining gender

Answer 2

Autosome

Question 3

An abnormal mass of cells that remains at it’s original site in the body

Answer 3

Benign tumor

Question 4

Growth or tumor caused by abnormal and uncontrolled cell division

Answer 4

Cancer

Question 5

Ordered sequence of events from when cell is first created until it divides into two separate cells

Answer 5

Cell cycle

Question 6

Set of proteins that triggers and coordinates events in cell cycle

Answer 6

Cell cycle control system

Question 7

The reproduction of a cell

Answer 7

Cell division

Question 8

Membranous disk that forms across midline of dividing plant cell - eventually fuses into a new cell wall

Answer 8

Cell plate

Question 9

Region of chromosome where sister chromatids are attached

Answer 9

Centromere

Question 10

Material in cytoplasm that creates the microtubules essential in cell division

Answer 10

Centrosome

Question 11

Cancer treatment where drugs are administered to disrupt cell division

Answer 11

Chemotherapy

Question 12

Site where chromatids cross over in prophase I

Answer 12

Chaisma

Question 13

Combination of chromosomes and proteins that makes chromosomes

Answer 13

Chromatids

Question 14

Gene carrying structure in nucleus of eukaryotic cells - consists of DNA strands wrapped around proteins

Answer 14

Chromosomes

Question 15

First sign of cell division in animal cells - shallow groove in surface of cell

Answer 15

Cleavage furrow

Question 16

Exchange of segments of chromosomes in prophase I

Answer 16

Crossing over

Question 17

Division of cytoplasm during telophase to form two daughter cells

Answer 17

Cytokinesis

Question 18

Containing two sets of chromosomes in each cell; each set inherited from each parent

Answer 18

Diploid

Question 19

Human genetic disorder created by presence of extra chromosome 21

Answer 19

Down syndrome

Question 20

Union of a haploid sperm cell with haploid egg cell - produces zygote

Answer 20

Fertilization

Question 21

A sex cell - sperm or egg

Answer 21

Gamete

Question 22

Offspring have genes that differ from both parents

Answer 22

Genetic recombination

Question 23

Contains single set of chromosomes

Answer 23

Haploid

Question 24

Small protein in chromosome that DNA wraps around

Answer 24

Histone

Question 25

the two chromosomes that make matched pair in diploid cell

Answer 25

Homologous chromosome

Question 26

Period in cell cycle where cell is not dividing - metabolic activity is high (90% of cell cycle)

Answer 26

Interphase

Question 27

Display of chromosomes of cell

Answer 27

Karyotype

Question 28

Sequence in stages of life of an organism

Answer 28

Life cycle

Question 29

Cancerous tissue that spreads into neighboring tissue

Answer 29

Malignant tumor

Question 30

In sexual reproduction, the process of one diploid cell dividing into four haploid daughter cells - produce gametes in reproductive organs in parents

Answer 30

Meiosis

Question 31

Second stage of mitosis where centromeres of chromosomes line up in middle

Answer 31

Metaphase

Question 32

Spread of cancer cells

Answer 32

Metastasis

Question 33

Division of single nucleus into two genetically identical daughter nuclei

Answer 33

Mitosis

Question 34

Phase of mitosis where nucleus divides and chromosomes are distributed into daughter nuclei

Answer 34

Mitotic (M) phase

Question 35

Moves chromosomes in mitosis; made up of micro tubules

Answer 35

Mitotic spindle

Question 36

Place in eukaryotic cell where DNA is packed - DNA wrapped around 8 histone molecules

Answer 36

Nucleosome

Question 37

Accident in mitosis or meiosis where sister chromatids fail to separate

Answer 37

Nondisjunction

Question 38

First stage of mitosis where chromosomes condense and move through mitotic spindle

Answer 38

Prophase

Question 39

Cancer treatment where cancerous areas are subjected to high intensity radiation

Answer 39

Radiation therapy

Question 40

Chromosome that determines gender of offspring - either X or Y chromosome provided by father

Answer 40

Sex chromosome

Question 41

Production of offspring by fusion of two haploid sex cells

Answer 41

Sexual reproduction

Question 42

One of two identical parts of separated chromosome

Answer 42

Sister chromatid

Question 43

A body cell in multicellular organisms

Answer 43

Somatic cell

Question 44

Fourth and final state of mitosis where daughter chromatids form and cell separates into two new ones

Answer 44

Telophase

Question 45

21st chromosome that causes down syndrome

Answer 45

Trisomy 21

Question 46

Abnormal mass of cells that forms within normal tissue

Answer 46

Tumor

Question 47

Fertilized egg

Answer 47

Zygote