Chapter 3

Question 0

Cardiovascular disease in which plaque grows on inside of arteries

Answer 0

Atherosclerosis

Question 1

And organic molecule containing a carboxyl group, an amino group, hydrogen atom and a variable sidechain; serves as a monomer of proteins

Answer 1

Amino acid

Question 2

Biological molecule consisting of monosaccharides, disaccharides, and polysaccharides

Answer 2

Carbohydrate

Question 3

Polysaccharide that provides structural support in plant cell walls

Answer 3

Cellulose

Question 4

Polymer forms when monomers are linked by removal of water molecules

Answer 4

Dehydration reaction

Question 5

Protein unravels and loses ability to function

Answer 5

Denaturation

Question 6

Sugar molecule consisting of two monosaccharides linked by dehydration reaction

Answer 6

Disaccharide

Question 7

Genetic material that organisms inherit from their parents

Answer 7

DNA

Question 8

Twisted ladder shape of DNA

Answer 8

Double helix

Question 9

Large lipid molecule made from an alcohol called glycerol and three fatty acids

Answer 9

Fat

Question 10

Atoms that form the chemically reactive part of an organic molecule

Answer 10

Functional group

Question 11

Unit of inheritance in DNA consisting of specific nucleotide sequence

Answer 11

Gene

Question 12

Polysaccharide made up of many glucose monomers

Answer 12

Glycogen

Question 13

Chemical compound composed of only carbon and hydrogen

Answer 13

Hydrocarbon

Question 14

The process of converting unsaturated fats to saturated fats by the addition of hydrogen

Answer 14

Hydrogenation

Question 15

Macromolecules are broken down by addition of water

Answer 15

Hydrolysis

Question 16

Water loving

Answer 16

Hydrophilic

Question 17

Water-fearing

Answer 17

Hydrophobic

Question 18

One of two or more molecules with the same molecular formula but different structures and thus different properties

Answer 18

Isomer

Question 19

A hydrophobic and insoluble in water organic compound

Answer 19

Lipid

Question 20

A giant molecule in a living organism. Examples include proteins polysaccharides and nucleic acid

Answer 20

Macromolecule

Question 21

Chemical subunit that serves as a building block of a polymer

Answer 21

Monomer

Question 22

Smallest kind of sugar molecule; single unit of sugar

Answer 22

Monosaccharide

Question 23

Polymer consisting of many nucleotide monomers

Answer 23

Nucleic acid

Question 24

Organic monomer consisting of a five carbon sugar covalently bonded to a nitrogenous base and a phosphate group

Answer 24

Nucleotide

Question 25

A chemical compound containing the element carbon and usually synthesized by cells

Answer 25

Organic compound

Question 26

Covalent bond between two amino acids in a polypeptide formed by dehydration reaction

Answer 26

Peptide bond

Question 27

Large molecule consisting of monomers

Answer 27

Polymer

Question 28

Chain of amino acids linked by peptide bond

Answer 28

Polypeptide

Question 29

Carbohydrate polymer consisting of many sugars

Answer 29

Polysaccharide

Question 30

The first level of the protein structure; the specific sequence of amino acids making up a polypeptide chain

Answer 30

Primary structure

Question 31

Biological polymer constructed from amino acid monomers

Answer 31

Protein

Question 32

Ribonucleic acid functions in protein synthesis

Answer 32

RNA

Question 33

Fatty acid whose hydrocarbon chain contains the maximum number of hydrogen atoms

Answer 33

Saturated

Question 34

Polysaccharide found in roots of plants and other certain cells

Answer 34

Starch

Question 35

Type of lipid who's carbon skeleton is in the form of four fused rings: 3 6 sided rings and one five sided ring examples are cholesterol testosterone and estrogen

Answer 35

Steroid

Question 36

Alternate chain of sugar and phosphate to which DNA and RNA nitrogenous bases are attached

Answer 36

Sugar phosphate backbone

Question 37

Unsaturated fatty acid produced by partial hydrogenation a vegetable oils

Answer 37

Trans fat

Question 38

Dietary fat that consists of molecule of glycerol linked to three molecules of fatty acid

Answer 38

Triglyceride

Question 39

Fatty acid whose hydrocarbon chain lack the maximum number of hydrogen atoms

Answer 39

Unsaturated