Chapter 20

Question 1

The variety of living things. Including their diversity, species diversity, and ecosystem diversity

Answer 1

Biodiversity

Question 2

A small geographic area that contains a large number of threatened or endangered species and an exceptional concentration of species

Answer 2

Biodiversity hotspots

Question 3

Any of the various chemical circuits occurring in the ecosystem, involving both biotic and abiotic factors

Answer 3

Biogeochemical cycle

Question 4

The accumulation of persistent chemicals in the living tissues of consumers in the food chain. Animals higher up in the food chain have a greater concentration of chemicals

Answer 4

Biological magnification

Question 5

The amount or mass of living organic material in an ecosystem

Answer 5

Biomass

Question 6

The human desire to affiliate with other life and it’s many forms

Answer 6

Biophilia

Question 7

The use of living organisms to detoxify and restore polluted ecosystems

Answer 7

Bioremediation

Question 8

An animal that mainly eats other animals

Answer 8

Carnivore

Question 9

The use and reuse of chemical elements such as carbon with an ecosystem

Answer 9

Chemical cycling

Question 10

All the organisms inhabiting and potentially interacting in a particular area

Answer 10

Community

Question 11

The concept of populations of two species cannot coexist in a community if their niches are nearly identical

Answer 11

Competitive exclusion principle

Question 12

A goal oriented science that seeks to understand encounter the loss of biodiversity

Answer 12

Conservation biology

Question 13

An organism that obtains its food by eating plants or animals

Answer 13

Consumer

Question 14

Adaptive coloration that makes an organism difficult to spot against its background

Answer 14

Cryptic coloration

Question 15

An organism that converts organic molecules to an inorganic form by breaking them down

Answer 15

Decomposer

Question 16

An organism that consumes dead organic matter

Answer 16

Detritivore

Question 17

Dead organic matter

Answer 17

Detritus

Question 18

A force that damages a biological community by destroying organisms and altering the availability of resources

Answer 18

Disturbance

Question 19

The sum total of the species use of the biotic and abiotic resources of its habitat

Answer 19

Ecological niche

Question 20

The process of biological community change resulting from a disturbance

Answer 20

Ecological succession

Question 21

All of the organisms in a given area along with the abiotic factors in with which they interact

Answer 21

Ecosystem

Question 22

Functions performed by an ecosystem that directly or indirectly benefit people

Answer 22

Ecosystem services

Question 23

A species whose distribution is limited to a specific geographic area

Answer 23

Endemic species

Question 24

The passage of energy through the components of an ecosystem

Answer 24

Energy flow

Question 25

The sequence of food transfers between the trophic levels of the community

Answer 25

Food chain

Question 26

A network of interconnected food chains

Answer 26

Food web

Question 27

An organism that is exploited by a parasite or pathigen

Answer 27

Host

Question 28

Competition between populations of two or more species that require similar limited resources

Answer 28

Interspecific competition

Question 29

Any interaction between members of different species

Answer 29

Interspecific interactions

Question 30

A species his impact on the community is much larger than it's biomass

Answer 30

Keystone species

Question 31

A regional assemblage of interacting ecosystems

Answer 31

Landscape

Question 32

The scientific study of the biodiversity of interacting ecosystems

Answer 32

Landscape ecology

Question 33

A series of small clumps or narrow strip of quality habitat that connects otherwise isolated patches of habitat

Answer 33

Movement corridor

Question 34

And interspecific interaction in which both partners benefit

Answer 34

Mutualism

Question 35

The conversion of atmospheric nitrogen to nitrogen compounds of plants can use

Answer 35

Nitrogen fixation

Question 36

An organism that lives in or on a host from which it obtains nourishment. The host organism is harmed

Answer 36

Parasite

Question 37

And interaction between species in which one species kills and eats the other

Answer 37

Predation

Question 38

An organism that only eats autotrophs; an herbivore

Answer 38

Primary consumer

Question 39

The amount of solar energy converted to chemical energy by autotroph's in an ecosystem during a given time.

Answer 39

Primary production

Question 40

A type of ecological succession in which a biological community begins in the area without soil

Answer 40

Primary succession

Question 41

An organism that makes organic food molecules from carbon dioxide, water, and are in organic raw materials

Answer 41

Producer

Question 42

A diagram depicting the cumulative loss of energy with each transfer in a food chain

Answer 42

Pyramid of production

Question 43

The proportional representation of the species in the biological community

Answer 43

Relative abundance

Question 44

A field of ecology that develops methods of returning degraded ecosystems to their natural state

Answer 44

Restoration ecology

Question 45

A type of ecological succession that occurs when a disturbance has destroyed an existing biological community but left the soil intact

Answer 45

Secondary succession

Question 46

The variety of species that make up a biological community

Answer 46

Species diversity

Question 47

The long-term prosperity of human societies and the ecosystems that support them

Answer 47

Sustainable development

Question 48

The bright color pattern, often yellow, red, or orange in combination with black, of animals that have affected chemical defenses

Answer 48

Warning coloration

Question 49

The part of an ecosystem where a chemical, such as carbon or nitrogen, accumulates or is stockpiled outside of living organisms

Answer 49

Abiotic reservoir