Chapter 14

Question 1

adren/o-

Answer 1

adrenal gland

Question 2

adrenal/o-

Answer 2

adrenal gland

Question 3

cortic/o-

Answer 3

cortex

Question 4

stimul/o-

Answer 4

exciting; strengthening

Question 5

aden/o-

Answer 5

gland

Question 6

hormon/o-

Answer 6

hormone

Question 7

insul/o-

Answer 7

insulin

Question 8

insulin/o-

Answer 8

insulin

Question 9

iod/o-

Answer 9

iodine

Question 10

hypophys/o-

Answer 10

pituitary gland

Question 11

pituit/o-

Answer 11

pituitary gland

Question 12

thyr/o-

Answer 12

shield shaped object

Question 13

thalam/o-

Answer 13

thalamus

Question 14

thym/o-

Answer 14

thymus; rage

Question 15

What is the main function of the endocrine system?

Answer 15

maintain homeostasis

Question 16

Endocrine glands does three things, what are they?

Answer 16

1) secrete hormones
2) secrete them into blood
3) Their hormones regulate bodily functions

Question 17

The Hypothalamus is part of what two body systems?

Answer 17

Endocrine and Nervous

Question 18

The hypothalamus stores what part of the pituitary glands hormones?

Answer 18

PPG

Question 19

How many hormones does the APG secrete?

Answer 19

7

Question 20

How many hormones does the PPG secret?

Answer 20

2

Question 21

APG Hormones and their functions

Answer 21

1) Thyroid Stimulating Hormone: stims thyroid
2) FSH: stims follicle to rupture and form sperm
3) MSH: stims melanocytes; gives pigmentation
4) GH: growth hormone
5) ACTH: adrenal hormone
6) Prolactin: stims mammary
7) LH: ovary and testis

Question 22

PPG Hormone

Answer 22

1) ADH: kidney; adrenal

2) Oxytocin: contractions

Question 23

What secretes melatonin?

Answer 23

Pineal Gland; internal clock

Question 24

Thyroid gland secretes what?

Answer 24

T3, T4, and Calcitonin

Question 25

What is the state of the thyroid gland properly functioning?

Answer 25

euthyroidism

Question 26

How many glands are on the thyroid gland?

Answer 26

4; 2 on each lobe

Question 27

What do the glands on the thyroid gland secrete?

Answer 27

calcium

Question 28

Thymosins is secreted by what gland?

Answer 28

thymus gland

Question 29

What hormones does the pancreas secrete?

Answer 29

Glucagon Insulin Somatostatin

Question 30

Islets of Langerhans is what for the pancreas?

Answer 30

the group of cells that secrete the hormones

Question 31

What are the two glands of the kidney?

Answer 31

adrenal medulla and cortex

Question 32

Each layer of the kidneys act how?

Answer 32

independently

Question 33

What are the three hormones the adrenal cortex secretes?

Answer 33

1) mineralocorticoids: aldosterone 2) Glucocorticoids: Cortisol 3) Androgens: male sex hormones

Question 34

What are the three hormones the adrenal medulla secretes?

Answer 34

1) Norepinephrine 2) Epinephrine 3) Dopamine

Question 35

Estradiol and progesterone are secreted by what?

Answer 35

ovaries

Question 36

What is the most abundant hormone in the testes?

Answer 36

testosterone

Question 37

Hormones are chemical messengers for what system?

Answer 37

endocrine

Question 38

What is it called when two hormones work together to accomplish an enhanced effect?

Answer 38

synergism

Question 39

What is it called when two hormones have an opposite effect?

Answer 39

antagonism

Question 40

What is used by the endocrine system to maintain homeostasis?

Answer 40

Negative Feedback

Question 41

Adenoma

Answer 41

benign tumor on gland

Question 42

Hyperpiuitarism

Answer 42

hyper secretion of one or all hormones of the APG

Question 43

Gigantism

Answer 43

hypersecretion of GH

Question 44

Acromegaly

Answer 44

hyper secretion of GH during adulthood

Question 45

Dwarfism

Answer 45

hypo secretion of GH

Question 46

Seasonal Affective Disorder

Answer 46

defect on pineal gland; imbalance on melatonin

Question 47

Thyromegaly

Answer 47

enlargement of thyroid gland

Question 48

Grave's Disease

Answer 48

autoimmune; antibodies work on thyroid so it overworks to fight off causing swelling

Question 49

Hypothyroidism

Answer 49

T3 and T4 hypo secrete so inadequate iodine levels

Question 50

Hyperinsulinism

Answer 50

hyper secretion of insulin

Question 51

Hyperparathyroidism

Answer 51

hyper secretion of PTH

Question 52

Diabetes Mellitus

Answer 52

beta cells cannot produce enough insulin; your normal diabetes

Question 53

Type 1 Diabetes

Answer 53

Autoimmune; insulin dependent

Question 54

Type 1.5 Diabetes

Answer 54

Autoimmune; insulin dependent; slow onset of Type 1

Question 55

Type 2

Answer 55

not autoimmune; caused by obesity; controlled through diet

Question 56

Ketoacidases

Answer 56

high levels of ketones in blood

Question 57

Cushing's Syndrome

Answer 57

too much cortisol

Question 58

Addison's Disease

Answer 58

not enough cortisol | "A" means not there

Question 59

Calcium Test

Answer 59

test Ca level

Question 60

Cortisol Level

Answer 60

detected if adrenal cortex is working

Question 61

Fasting Blood Sugar

Answer 61

measures glucose of patient after 12 hour fast; test is pancreas based

Question 62

Glucose Self Test

Answer 62

prick finger and scan blood glucose level

Question 63

Glucose Tolerance Test

Answer 63

``` blood and urine fast for 12 hours drink is given see how it is digested the take blood and urine ```

Question 64

Hemoglobin A1C

Answer 64

looks at A1C function in hemoglobin in RBC