Chapter 14

Question 1

Trait approaches

Answer 1

Assume that leaders are endowed with certain traits or qualities associated with leaders status and success

Question 2

The Behavioural Approach

Answer 2

focuses on identifying categories of relevant leadership behaviour and examining their effects in performance and other outcomes

Question 3

Relations-oriented behavior

Answer 3

Or consideration, Involves concern for relationship and socioemotional support

Question 4

Task-oriented behavior

Answer 4

OR Initiating structure, involves providing direction and enforcing performance standards needed to drive production

Question 5

Contingency approach

Answer 5

State that the relationship between leader behaviour and leadership effectiveness depends on the situation

Question 6

Directive leadership

Answer 6

Provides clarity and direction for subordinates

Question 7

Supportive leadership

Answer 7

Promotes a friendly work climate by focusing on subordinate needs and well being

Question 8

Achievement-oriented leadership

Answer 8

Motivation focused and build subordinates’ confidence to achieve high standards through its focus on excellence and goal setting

Question 9

Participative leadership

Answer 9

Democratic form of leadership that consults with subordinates and takes their suggestions into account before making decisions

Question 10

Follower readiness

Answer 10

Amount of experience or ability the follower has to do the job

Question 11

Task structure

Answer 11

Describes whether the task is highly defined (high structure) or ambiguous (low structure)

Question 12

Leader position power

Answer 12

Describes the amount of formal authority associated with the position of the leader

Question 13

Leader-match

Answer 13

Means the leader cannot change his or her style and therefore needs to change the situation to match the style

Question 14

Charisma

Answer 14

Special personal quality or attractiveness that enables an individual to influence others

Question 15

Socialized Charismatics

Answer 15

Focus on power for collective rather than personal benefits

Question 16

Personalized charismatics

Answer 16

Focus on power for personal rather than collective benefits

Question 17

Power Distance

Answer 17

Extent to which followers see leaders as having much higher status than them

Question 18

Power wielders

Answer 18

use power to advance their own interests without considering followers’ needs

Question 19

Transactional leadership

Answer 19

Involves a focus on exchanging valued goods in return for something leaders want

Question 20

Transformational leadership

Answer 20

Involves inspirational relationships in which both leaders and followers are positively transformed in the process

Question 21

Bass’s transformational leadership

Answer 21

Involves leaders motivating followers to transcend self-interest for the sake of the organization or team

Question 22

Bass’s transactional leadership

Answer 22

Refers to the exchange relationship between leaders and followers to meet their own self-interest

Question 23

Heroic leadership views

Answer 23

See leadership as the result of acts of great leaders who inspire and motivate others to accomplish extraordinary things

Question 24

Complex adaptative systems

Answer 24

Systems that adapt and evolve in the process of interacting with dynamic environments

Question 25

Bureaucracy

Answer 25

Organizing form in which division of labor, specification of titles and duties, and hierarchical reporting relationships provide efficiency and control

Question 26

Administrative leadership

Answer 26

Occurs in formal, Managerial roles and focuses on alignment and control aimed at driving business results

Question 27

Entrepreneurial leadership

Answer 27

Fuels innovation, adaptability and change

Question 28

Adaptative leadership

Answer 28

Operates in the interface between the administrative and entrepreneurial systems and fosters conditions for emergence

Question 29

The Profit motive

Answer 29

Based on Friedman's view that the sole purpose of a business is to make money

Question 30

The shared value view

Answer 30

States that organizations should create economic value in a way that also creates value for society

Question 31

Empowering leadership

Answer 31

Enables power sharing with employees by clarifying the significance of the work , providing autonomy, expressing confidence in the employees' capabilities, and removing hindrances to performance

Question 32

A normative theory

Answer 32

Implies or prescribes a norm or standard

Question 33

Ethical climates

Answer 33

Ethical Values, norms, Attitudes, feelings, and behaviours of employees in an organization