Chapter 14 - Bloodborne Pathogens Flashcards Preview

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Flashcards in Chapter 14 - Bloodborne Pathogens Deck (19)
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1
Q

virus

A

submicroscopic parasitic organism that is dependent on the nutrients within host cells

make cells ill by redirecting cellular activity to create more viruses

2
Q

how can blood borne pathogens be transmitted?

A

human blood, semen, vaginal secretions, cerebrospinal fluid, synovial fluid

3
Q

which is stronger HBV or HIV?

A

HBV - spread more easily via sharp objects, open wounds, and bodily fluids

4
Q

HBV

A

hepatitis B

swelling, soreness, and loss of normal liver function

s/s: fatigue, weakness, nausea, abdominal pain, headache, fever, jaundice

can survive for 1 week in dried blood

5
Q

HCV

A

hepatitis C

acute and chronic form of liver disease caused by HCV

s/s: 80% have no symptoms. possible: jaundice, abdominal pain , loss of appetite, nausea, fatigue, muscule or joint pain, dark urine

no vaccine

6
Q

HIV

A

human immunodeficiency virus

retrovirus that enters a host cell and changes its RNA to proviral DNA replica.

transmitte by blood or bodily fluids, sexual contact

s/s: fatigue, weight loss, muscle or joint pain, painful or swollen glands, night sweats, fever

can go 8-10 years without symptoms

most develop AIDS

no vaccine

7
Q

which forms of hepatitis are not considered blood borne pathogens?

A

Hepatitis A, D, and E

8
Q

HAV

A

inflammed liver - does not lead to chronic disease

transmitted by fecal or oral routes, personal contact, contaminated food/water

s/s: dark urine, light stools, fatigue, fever, jaundice

9
Q

HDV

A

inflamed liver, only affects those already infected with HBV

transmits via infected blood, contaminated needs, sexual contact

10
Q

HEV

A

inflamed liver, rare in the USA

-transmits via fecal or oral routes, contaminated water supplies

11
Q

HBV vaccination

A

3 doses over a 6-month period

12
Q

AIDS

A

acquired immunodeficiency syndrome

no protection against simple infections

13
Q

Americans and Disabilities Act of 1991 (HIV)

A

athletes infected with HIV cannot be discriminated against and may be excluded from participation only on a medically sound basis

14
Q

testing for HIV

A

ELISA or EIA - blood serum analyses
Western blot - more sensitive

testing should be at 6 weeks, 3 months, and 1 year after exposure

15
Q

OSHA

A

Occupational Safety and Health Administration

1991 - universal precautions - established standards for an employer to follow that govern occupational exposure to blood borne pathogens

16
Q

contaminated surfaces should be cleaned with

A

solution of 10% bleach solution or with disinfectant approved by the EPA

17
Q

soiled towels/linens -

A

bagged separately with biohazard symbol

washed in 159.8 degrees fahrenheit for 25 min

18
Q

sharps

A

disposed of in a leak-proof, puncture resistant container

19
Q

mouthpieces

A

USOC requires use of mouthpieces in high-risk sports

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