Chapter 14 Personality

Question 1

Personality

Answer 1

Stable tendencies within individuals that differentiate us from others and influence how we respond to our environment.

Question 2

Traits

Answer 2

Relatively enduring predispositions that influence our behavior across many situations.

Question 3

Conscious mind

Answer 3

Contains things that occupy one’s current attention.

Question 4

Preconscious mind

Answer 4

Contains information that one is not aware of, but can be easily brought to consciousness.

Question 5

Unconscious mind

Answer 5

Contains memories, urges, and conflicts that are beyond awareness.

Question 6

Id

Answer 6

Governed by inborn instinctual drives.

Question 7

Superego

Answer 7

Motivates people to act in an ideal fashion, according to learned moral customs.

Question 8

Ego

Answer 8

Induces people to act with reason and deliberation, and to conform to outside world.

Question 9

Repression

Answer 9

Motivated forgetting of emotionally threatening memories or impulses.

Question 10

Denial

Answer 10

Refusing to believe information that leads to anxiety.

Question 11

Projection

Answer 11

Unconscious attribution of our negative qualities to others.

Question 12

Stage 1.

Answer 12

First-year: Oral stage

Question 13

Stage 2.

Answer 13

Second-year: Anal stage

Question 14

Stage 3.

Answer 14

Ages 3 to 5: Phallic stage

Question 15

Oedipus Complex

Answer 15

Boy desires Mother

Question 16

Electra Complex

Answer 16

Girl desires opposite-sex parent (Father)

Question 17

Stage 4.

Answer 17

Ages 5 to puberty: Latency period

Question 18

Stage 5

Answer 18

Puberty to adulthood: Genital stage

Question 19

Reciprocal determinism

Answer 19

Person’s behavior both influences and is influenced by personal factors and the social environment.