Chapter 5 Consciousness Flashcards
(30 cards)
Consciousness
Our subjective experience of the world and ourselves.
The Circadian Rhythm
Our circadian rhythms are cyclical changes that occur on a roughly 24-hour basis.
Non-REM Stages (1–4 )
▪ No rapid eye movements
▪ Few dreams
Stage 5 (REM) sleep
▪ Vivid dreams
▪ Rapid eye movements (REM)
Stage 1
Theta waves
Stage 2
Sleep spindles and K-complexes
Stages 3 and 4
Delta waves
Stage 5
REM sleep
Why do we dream?
Processing emotional memories.
Freud’s Dream Protection Theory
Freud described dreams as the protectors of sleep.
Manifest content
Actual content of dream.
Latent content
Symbolic meaning of dream.
Activation-Synthesis Theory
Dreams reflect the brain’s attempt to make sense of random and internally generated neural signals during REM.
Narcolepsy
The rapid and unexpected onset of sleep.
Sleep apnea
Caused by the blockage of the airway during sleep.
Night terrors
Are sudden waking episodes.
Hallucinations
Realistic perceptual experiences in the absence of external stimuli.
Mystical experiences
Involve a sense of unity or oneness with the world.
Hypnosis
A set of techniques that provides suggestions for alterations in perceptions, thoughts, feelings, and behaviors
Sociocognitive theory
A person’s approach to hypnosis is learned and based on attitudes, beliefs, and experiences
Dissociation theory
A separation between personality functions that are normally well integrated.
Psychoactive drug
A substance that contains chemicals similar to those found naturally in the brain that alters consciousness by changing chemical processes in neurons.
Tolerance
More of the drug is needed to achieve intoxication.
Withdrawal
Physical symptoms when use is stopped or reduced.
