Chapter 16 Flashcards
(36 cards)
agression
hostile or violent behavior or attitudes toward another; readiness to attack or confront
altruism
the belief in or practice of disinterested and selfless concern for the well-being of others.
Asch effect
Social conformity
attitude
positive or negative evaluations of objects of thought
attribution
influences that people draw about the causes of events, others’ behavior, and their own behavior.
bystander effect
people are less likely to provide needed help when they are in groups than when they are alone.
chamelon effect
One changes to fit in with the group
cognitive dissonance
exists when related cognition are inconsistent-that is, when they contradict each other.
collectiveism
involves putting group goals ahead of personal goals and defining one’s identity in terms of the groups one belongs to.
conformity
occurs when people yield to real or imagined social pressure.
deindividuation
One gives up their identity to fit in with a group.
defensive attribution
a tendency to blame victims for their misfortune, so that one feels less likely to be victimized in a similar way
diffusion of responsibility
sociopsychological phenomenon whereby a person is less likely to take responsibility for action or inaction when others are present.
disposition attribution (internal)
ascribes the causes of behavior to personal disposition, traits, abilities, and feelings.
fundamental attribution error
refers to observers bias in favor of internal attributions in explaining others behavior.
gender roles
are the social and behavioral norms that are generally considered appropriate for either a man or a woman in a social or interpersonal relationship
group polarization
occurs when group discussion strengthens a groups dominant point of view and produces a shift toward a more extreme decision in that direction
groupthink
occurs when members of a cohesive group emphasize concurrence at the expense of critical thinking in arriving at a decision.
individual heroic defense
Someone breaks away from group
mindguard
is a member of a group who serves as an informational filter, providing limited information to the group and, consciously or subconsciously, utilizing a variety of strategies to control dissent and to direct the decision-making process toward a specific, limited range of possibilities
norms
the rules that we should pay back in kind what we receive from others.
obediance
a form of compliance that occurs when people follow direct commands, usually from someone in a position of authority.
pluralistic ignorance
a situation where a majority of group members privately reject a norm, but assume incorrectly that most others accept it, also described as ‘no one believes, but everyone thinks that everyone believes.”
prejudice
negative attitude held toward members of a group
