Chapter 16: Infection Prevention

Question 1

What products are used for an antiseptic hand wash?

Answer 1

water and antimicrobial soap (ex: chlorhexadine)

Question 2

What instrument classification is the thyroid collar?

Answer 2

noncritical instrument

Question 3

Define the term: sharps

Answer 3

any object that can penetrate skin, including, but not limited to, needles and scalpels

Question 4

What products are used for a routine hand wash?

Answer 4

water and plain (non-antimicrobial) soap

Question 5

What are the two direct routes of disease transmission that mainly occur in dental practices?

Answer 5

1. direct contact with pathogens present in saliva, blood, respiratory secretions, or lesions
2. direct contact with airborne contaminants preents in spatter or aerols of oral and respiratory fluids

Question 6

Define the term: critical instrument

Answer 6

instruments that are used to penetrate soft tissue or bone and must be sterilized after each use

Question 7

After exposure, what is recommended to clean and disinfect any contaminated surface areas in the operator?

Answer 7

intermediate-level disinfectant

Question 8

Should proper hand hygiene be performed before or after donning gloves?

Answer 8

before

Question 9

Should gloves be replaced if torn or ripped during a dental procedure?

Answer 9

yes

Question 10

Define the term: disinfection

Answer 10

the act of disinfecting

Question 11

Define the term: sterilization

Answer 11

the act of sterilizing

Question 12

What instrument classification is the exposure button on the control panel?

Answer 12

noncritical instrument

Question 13

What instrument classification is a beam alignment device?

Answer 13

semi-critical instrument

Question 14

What instrument classification is the computer keyboard/mouse when using digital imaging?

Answer 14

noncritical instrument

Question 15

What can be used on the digital sensor and PSP plate to help prevent infection transmission?

Answer 15

a barrier sleeve/envelope

Question 16

What instrument classification is the position-indicating device?

Answer 16

noncritical instrument

Question 17

List some examples of personal protective equipment that should be worn by dental professionals.

Answer 17

• protective eyeware
• gloves
• mask
• gown/lab jacket

Question 18

List examples of critical instruments used in dental imaging.

Answer 18

There are no critical instruments used in dental imaging

Question 19

Define the term: sterilize

Answer 19

the use of a physical or chemical procedure to destroy all pathogens, including highly resistant bacterial and fungal spores

Question 20

Define the term: pathogen

Answer 20

a microorganism capable of causing disease

Question 21

Define the term: intermediate-level disinfectants

Answer 21

• chemical germicides classified by the EPA as both “hospital disinfectants” and “tuberculocidals”
• recommended for all surfaces that have been contaminated

Question 22

Define the term: asepsis

Answer 22

the absence of pathogens or disease-causing microorganisms

Question 23

What is an indirect route of disease transmission that can occur in the dental practice?

Answer 23

indirect contact with contaminated objects or instruments

Question 24

Define the term: bloodborne pathogens

Answer 24

microorganisms present in blood that cause disease in humans

Question 25

What instrument classification is the x-ray tubehead?

Answer 25

noncritical instrument

Question 26

What are the three classifications of dental instruments for infection prevention?

Answer 26

1. critical instrument 2. semicritical instrument 3. noncritical instrument

Question 27

What three conditions must be present in order for the transmission of pathogens to occur?

Answer 27

1. a susceptible host 2. a pathogen with sufficient infectivity and numbers to cause the infection 3. a portal through which the pathogen may enter the host

Question 28

What is infectious waste?

Answer 28

waste that consists of blood, blood products, and contaminated sharps. or other microbiologic products

Question 29

What is the purpose of practicing proper respiratory hygiene/cough etiquette?

Answer 29

to limit the transmission of disease spread by respiratory pathogens via droplet or airborne route

Question 30

What is considered a parenteral exposure?

Answer 30

contact with blood or other infectious materials that results from piercing or puncturing the skin barrier

Question 31

Define the term: antiseptic

Answer 31

a substance that inhibits the growth of bacteria

Question 32

What does the CDC recommend to clean and disinfect the digital sensor?

Answer 32

intermediate-level disinfectant

Question 33

What products are used for an antiseptic hand rub?

Answer 33

alcohol-based product

Question 34

Define the term: personal protective equipment **(PPE)**

Answer 34

equipment worn by dental professionals to protect themselves from hazards

Question 35

What instrument classification is the digital sensor?

Answer 35

noncritical instrument

Question 36

Define the term: high-level disinfectants

Answer 36

* chemicals classified by the EPA as "sterilants-disinfectants" * used to disinfect heat-sensitive, semicritical dental instruments

Question 37

What does it mean to "doff" your PPE?

Answer 37

the act of taking off your PPE

Question 38

What does it mean to "don" your PPE?

Answer 38

the act of putting on your PPE

Question 39

Define the term: hand hygiene

Answer 39

routine handwashing, antiseptic hand-wash, and antiseptic hand-rubbing techniques that prevent contamination

Question 40

What is considered an exposure incident?

Answer 40

a specific incident involving contact with blood or other potentially infectious materials that results from procedures performed by the dental professional

Question 41

What instrument classification is the lead apron?

Answer 41

noncritical instrument

Question 42

What is considered an occupational exposure?

Answer 42

contact with blood or other infectious materials involving the skin, eye, or mucous membranes that results from procedures performed by the dental professional

Question 43

Define the term: semicritical instrument

Answer 43

instruments that contact but do not penetrate soft tissue or bone and must be sterilized after each use

Question 44

Define the term: low-level disinfectants

Answer 44

* chemical germicides classified by the EPA as "hospital disinfectants" * recommended for general housekeeping purposes

Question 45

What are standard precautions?

Answer 45

measures that include a standard of care designed to protect health care personnel and patients from pathogens that can be spread by blood or any other bodily fluid, excretion, or secretion

Question 46

What is the primary purpose of infection prevention procedures in the dental practice?

Answer 46

to prevent the transmission of infectious diseases between two or more humans

Question 47

Define the term: disinfect

Answer 47

to inhibit or destroy disease-causing microorganisms through use of a chemical or physical procedure

Question 48

Define the term: noncritical instrument

Answer 48

instruments that do not come in contact with mucous membranes