Chapters 28, 29: Normal Anatomy- Intraoral Images & Panoramic Images Flashcards
Identification and Description of Normal Anatomic Landmarks (216 cards)
1
Q
How does the alveolar crest appear on an image?
A
radiopaque
2
Q
Define the term: radiopaque
A
the portion of an image that is light or white, due to the structure resisting the passage of the x-ray beam and limiting the amount of x-rays that reach the receptor
3
Q
How does the glenoid fossa appear on a panoramic image?
A
radiopaque
4
Q
How does the coronoid process appear on an image?
A
radiopaque
5
Q
What is a hollow space, cavity, or recess in bone?
A
sinus
6
Q
What is the wall of the tooth socket that surrounds the root of a tooth?
A
lamina dura
7
Q
What is the area of the mandible where the body meets the ramus?
A
angle of the mandible
8
Q
On what intraoral image does the anterior border of the ramus normally appear?
A
molar bite-wing image
9
Q
What is the outermost layer of the crown of the tooth?
A
enamel
10
Q
How does the inverted Y appear on an image?
A
radiopaque
11
Q
What is the immovable joint between the two palatine processes of the maxilla?
A
median palatal suture
12
Q
What is the area of a tooth that allows for blood vessels and nerves to enter the tooth and maintains the vitality of the tooth?
A
apex
13
Q
How does the septa within the maxillary sinus appear on an image?
A
radiopaque
14
Q
How does the pterygomaxillary fissure appear on a panoramic image?
A
radiolucent
15
Q
How does the pulp cavity appear on an image?
A
radiolucent
16
Q
How do the genial tubercles appear on an image?
A
radiopaque
17
Q
What is the tooth layer found between the enamel and surrounding the pulp cavity
A
dentin
18
Q
What is a smooth, depressed area of the maxilla located just interior and medial to the infraorbital foramen between the maxillary canine and lateral incisor?
A
lateral fossa
19
Q
What are two tiny openings or holes in bone that are located on the floor of the nasal cavity?
A
superior foramina of the incisive cana
20
Q
How does the nasal septum appear on an image?
A
radiopaque
21
Q
On what intraoral image does the mental foramen normally appear?
A
radiolucent
22
Q
How does the external oblique ridge appear on an image?
A
radiopaque
23
Q
What term refers to the airspace portion of the pharynx located posterior to the nasal cavity?
A
nasopharyngeal air space
24
Q
What is a tubelike passageway through bone that travels the length of the mandible?
A
mandibular canal
25
What is the term for maxillary and mandibular teeth that occlude together?
opposing
26
Define the term: periapical
around the apex of a tooth
27
What is the term for the roof of the mouth?
palate
28
How does the submandibular fossa appear on an image?
radiolucent
29
What is a rounded projection of the temporal bone located anterior to the glenoid fossa?
articular eminence
30
How does the mental fossa appear on an image?
radiolucent
31
What is the calcified connective tissue that covers the outer root surface of the tooth?
cementum
32
What is the calcification, or deposition, of hard tissue within the pulp cavity, causing no visible pulp chamber or canals on the dental image?
pulp canal obliteration
33
On what intraoral image does the mylohyoid ridge normally appear?
mandibular posterior or anterior periapical image
34
Define the term: edentulous zone
an area where teeth are no longer present
35
What is the term for the tooth surface towards the midline of the mouth?
mesial
36
How does the median palatal suture appear on an image?
radiolucent
37
What is the area between the roots of multi-rooted teeth?
furcation area
38
How does the alveolar crest appear in an image?
radiopaque
39
How does dentin appear on an image?
radiopaque
40
Define the term: radiopacity / radiodensity
an area on a dental image appearing radiopaque *(light/white)* due to resisting the passage of the x-ray beam and limiting the amount of x-rays that reach the image receptor
41
What is a hole or opening in the temporal bone located superior and anterior to the mastoid process?
external auditory meatus / external acoustic meatus
42
Define the term: dentulous
* with teeth
* areas that exhibit teeth
43
How do the nutrient canals appear on an image?
a narrow radiolucent band bounded by two radiopaque lines of cortical bone
44
What is a tiny tubelike passageway through bone which contains blood vessels and nerves that supply teeth and interdental areas?
nutrient canal
45
Define the term: interproximal
between two adjacent surfaces
46
What is the term for towards the back?
posterior
47
What is a bony plate formed by the palatal process of the maxilla and the horizontal portions of the palatine bones?
floor of the nasal cavity
48
What teeth located in the upper arch?
maxillary teeth
49
On what intraoral image does the floor of the nasal cavity normally appear?
anterior maxillary periapical image
50
What is the term for the cheekbone?
zygoma / zygomatic bone / malar bone
51
How does the styloid process appear on a panoramic image?
radiopaque
52
Define the term: radiolucent
the portion of an image that is dark or black, due to the structure readily permitting the passage of the x-ray beam and allowing more x-rays to reach the image receptor
53
On what intraoral image does the mandibular canal normally appear?
mandibular posterior or anterior periapical image
54
What is the term for regions of the maxilla and mandible in which the 32 teeth of the human dentition are normally located?
tooth-bearing areas
55
On what intraoral image does the nasal septum normally appear?
anterior maxillary periapical image
56
Define the term: contact areas
the areas where adjacent tooth surfaces touch each other
57
What term refers to the space found between the palate and the tongue?
palatoglossal air space
58
What is the term for the tooth surface away from the midline of the mouth?
distal
59
What is the term for the tooth surface towards the tongue?
lingual
60
What is the term for towards the front?
anterior
61
How does the palatoglossal air space appear on a panoramic image?
radiolucent
62
Define the term: extraoral
outside the mouth
63
Define the term: periodontium
specialized tissues that surround and support teeth, such as the gingiva, cementum, periodontal ligament, and alveolar bone
64
Define the term: intraoral
inside the mouth
65
What is a vertical bony wall or partition that divides the nasal cavity into the right and left nasal fossae?
nasal septum
66
What is a bony projection of the maxilla that articulates with the zygoma
zygomatic process of the maxilla
67
How does the mental foramen appear on an image?
radiolucent
68
How does the lateral pterygoid plate appear on a panoramic image?
radiopaque
69
On what intraoral image does the coronoid process normally appear?
maxillary molar periapical image
70
What is the term for the tooth surface towards the cheek on posterior teeth?
buccal
71
What is an opening or hole in bone located at the midline of the anterior hard palate directly posterior to the maxillary central incisors?
incisive foramen
72
What is a scooped-out concavity of bone located distal to the coronoid process on the ramus of the mandible?
mandibular notch
73
What teeth located in the lower arch?
mandibular teeth
74
How does the inferior nasal conchae appear on an image?
radiopaque
75
How does the mastoid process appear on a panoramic image?
radiopaque
76
How does the lamina dura appear on an image?
radiopaque
77
How does the ear appear on a panoramic image?
radiopaque
78
Define the term: inter-radicular
between the roots of adjacent teeth
79
On what intraoral image does the superior foramina of the incisive canal normally appear?
anterior maxillary periapical image
80
How does the articular eminence appear on a panoramic image?
radiopaque
81
On what intraoral image does the nasal cavity normally appear?
anterior maxillary periapical image
82
On what intraoral image does the hamulus normally appear?
posterior maxillary periapical image
83
What is the U-shaped horizontal portion of the mandible that extends from ramus to ramus?
body of the mandible
84
What is the term for the lower jaw?
mandible
85
How does the hard palate appear on images?
radiopaque
86
What is a movable muscular organ attached to the floor of the mouth?
tongue
87
On what intraoral image do the genial tubercles normally appear?
mandibular anterior and posterior periapical images
88
On what intraoral image does the anterior nasal spine normally appear?
anterior maxillary periapical image
89
What is the dense outer layer of bone?
cortical bone / compact bone
90
What is thevertical portion of the mandible that is found posterior to the third molar?
ramus
91
How does the uvula appear on a panoramic image?
radiopaque
92
How does the mandibular canal appear on an image?
radiolucent
93
What is a broad, shallow, scooped-out or depressed area of bone?
fossa
94
What is a marked prominence or projection of bone?
process
95
What is a tubelike passageway through bone that houses nerves and blood vessels?
canal
96
What is a narrow space or cleft that separates the lateral pterygoid plate and the maxilla?
pterygomaxillary fissure
97
Define the term: periodontal
around a tooth
98
What is the bone of the maxilla and mandible that supports and encases the roots of teeth?
alveolar bone
99
What is a curved depression located between the mandibular condyle and the coronoid process of the mandible?
sigmoid notch / mandibular notch
100
How does the lingula appear on a panoramic image?
radiopaque
101
What is a concave, depressed area of the temporal bone where the mandibular condyle rests?
glenoid fossa
102
What is the soft, spongy bone located between the two layers of dense cortical bone?
cancellous bone / trabecular bone
103
How does the tongue appear on a panoramic image?
radiopaque
104
On what intraoral image does the maxillary tuberosity normally appear?
posterior maxillary periapical image
105
On what intraoral image does the incisive foramen normally appear?
anterior maxillary periapical image
106
What is the term for the tooth surface towards the gumline?
cervical / gingival
107
Define the term: edentulous
* without teeth
* an area where teeth are no longer present
108
How does the zygomatic process of the maxilla appear on an image?
radiopaque
109
How does the lipline appear on images?
* areas of teeth not covered by the lips are more radiolucent
* areas of teeth that area covered by the lips are more radiopaque
110
What is the bony cavity that contains the eyeball?
orbit
111
How does the lateral fossa appear on an image?
radiolucent
112
How does the periodontal ligament space appear on an image?
radiolucent
113
How does the floor of the maxillary sinus appear on an image?
radiopaque line under the radiolucent area of the maxillary sinus
114
What is a horseshoe-shaped bone that lies below the mandible, between the chin and thyroid cartilage?
hyoid bone
115
On what intraoral image does the mental fossa normally appear?
radiolucent
116
What is a marked prominence of bone located on the anterior ramus of the mandible?
coronoid process
117
What is a depressed area of bone located on the internal surface of the mandible inferior to the mylohyoid ridge?
submandibular fossa / mandibular fossa
118
What is the structure composed of cartilage with a thin covering of connective tissue and skin?
ear
119
What are the two types of bone in the human body?
* cancellous
* cortical
120
On what intraoral image does the lateral fossa normally appear?
anterior maxillary periapical image
121
On what intraoral image does the lingual foramen normally appear?
mandibular anterior and posterior periapical images
122
What are paired cavities or compartments of bone located within the maxilla and located superior to the maxillary posterior teeth?
maxillary sinuses
123
What is the term for the jaw joint, including the temporal bone, the mandible, and the articular disc between the two bones?
temporomandibular joint **(TMJ)**
124
What is a rounded prominence of bone?
tubercle
125
On what intraoral image does the median palatal suture normally appear?
anterior maxillary periapical image
126
How does the nasopharyngeal air space appear on a panoramic image?
radiolucent
127
What is the term for baby teeth?
primary teeth / deciduous teeth
128
How does the mylohyoid ridge appear on an image?
radiopaque
129
On what intraoral image does the submandibular fossa normally appear?
mandibular anterior or posterior periapical image
130
How does the mandibular foramen appear on a panoramic image?
radiolucent
131
What is the term for the tooth surface towards the cheek/lips on anterior teeth?
facial / labial
132
What is a linear prominence of cortical bone that defines the lower border of the mandible?
inferior border of the mandible
133
What is a linear prominence of bone located on the internal surface of the mandible that extends downward and forward from the ramus?
internal oblique ridge
134
What is the bony plate that separates the nasal cavity from the oral cavity in the anterior portion of the roof of the mouth?
hard palate
135
How does the superior foramina of the incisive canal appear on an image?
radiolucent
136
How does cancellous bone appear on an image?
radiolucent
137
How does the mental ridge appear on an image?
radiopaque
138
How does the maxillary sinus appear on an image?
radiolucent
139
What is the term for the upper jaw?
maxilla
140
What is a sharp projection of the maxilla located at the anteroinferior portion of the nasal cavity?
anterior nasal spine
141
Define the term: radiolucency
an area on a dental image appears radiolucent (*(dark/black)* due to readily allowing the passage of the x-ray beam so that more x-rays reach the image receptor
142
How does the glossopharyngeal air space appear on a panoramic image?
radiolucent
143
What refers to the airspace of the pharynx located posterior to the tongue and oral cavity?
glossopharyngeal air space
144
What is a rounded projection of bone extending from the posterosuperior border of the ramus of the mandible?
mandibular condyle
145
What is a small, tongue-shaped projection of bone seen adjacent to the mandibular foramen?
lingula
146
What is a small, fleshy extension located on the free edge of the soft palate at the midline?
uvula
147
What is the term for the order in which teeth are arranged within the dental arches?
anatomic order
148
What is a sharp, thornlike projection of bone?
spine
149
What is the fleshy, movable posterior portion of the roof of the mouth separating the mouth and the phaynx?
soft palate
150
What is the space that exists between the root of a tooth and the lamina dura and contains connective tissue fibers, blood vessels, and lymphatics?
periodontal ligament space **(PDL)**
151
On what intraoral image does the maxillary sinus normally appear?
posterior maxillary periapical image
152
How does the maxillary tuberosity appear on an image?
radiopaque
153
Is the alveolar crest more radiodense in the anterior or posterior region?
anterior
154
How does the floor of the nasal cavity appear on an image?
radiopaque
155
How does the zygoma appear on an image?
radiopaque
156
What term describes a radiolucency on a dental image that exhibits one compartment without a well-defined outer border?
unilocular noncorticated
157
How does the external auditory meatus appear on a panoramic image?
radiolucent
158
What is a wafer-thin, curved plates of bone that extends from the lateral walls of the nasal cavity?
inferior nasal conchae
159
What is the term for the chewing edge of anterior teeth?
incisal
160
What is a wing-shaped bony projection of the sphenoid bone located distal to the maxillary tuberosity region?
lateral pterygoid plate
161
What is a linear prominence of a cortical bone located on the external surface of the anterior portion of the mandible?
mental ridge
162
How does the soft palate appear on a panoramic image?
radiopaque
163
What is the portion of the maxilla or mandible that encases and supports teeth?
alveolar process
164
On what intraoral image does the inverted Y normally appear?
maxillary canine periapical image
165
What is a marked prominence of the temporal bone located posterior and inferior to the temporomandibular joint?
mastoid process
166
What is a linear prominence of bone?
ridge
167
What are tiny bumps of bone located on the lingual surface of the anterior mandible that serve as attachment sites for the genioglossus and geniohyoid muscles?
genial tubercles
168
What is a rounded prominence of bone that extends posterior to the third molar region?
maxillary tuberosity
169
On what intraoral image does the mental ridge normally appear?
mandibular anterior or posterior periapical image
170
Which appears more radiopaque on an image- enamel or dentin?
enamel
171
What is a linear prominence of bone located on the external surface of the body of the mandible?
external oblique ridge / external oblique line
172
What is an immovable joint that represents a line of union between adjoining bones of the skull?
suture
173
What is a round or ovoid hole in bone on the lingual aspect of the ramus of the mandible?
mandibular foramen
174
How does the hamulus appear on an image?
radiopaque
175
How does the lingual foramen appear on an image?
radiolucent
176
How does the mandibular condyle appear on a panoramic image?
radiopaque
177
What anatomical landmark can commonly be misdiagnosed as a periapical lesion on an image due to its location?
mental foramen
178
On what intraoral image does the zygomatic process of the maxilla normally appear?
posterior maxillary periapical image
179
How does the angle of the mandible appear on a panoramic image?
radiopaque
180
What is a bony wall or partition that divides a cavity into separate areas?
septum *(plural: septa)*
181
How does the incisive foramen appear on an image?
radiolucent
182
What is an area of soft tissue seen on panoramic images formed by the positioning of the patient's lips?
lipline
183
How does cortical bone appear on an image?
radiopaque
184
How does the nasal cavity appear on an image?
radiolucent
185
What is the junction between the dentin and enamel of a tooth?
dentino-enamel junction **(DEJ)**
186
How does the anterior border of the ramus appear on an image?
radiopaque
187
What is an opening or hole in bone located on the external surface of the mandible in the region of the mandibular premolars?
mental foramen
188
On what intraoral image does the external oblique ridge normally appear?
mandibular molar periapical image and molar bite-wing images
189
What is the most coronal portion of alveolar bone found between teeth
that is composed of cortical bone?
alveolar crest / crestal bone
190
What is a long, pointed, and sharp projection of bone that extends downward from the inferior surface of the temporal bone, and is located anterior to the mastoid process?
styloid process
191
What is a small, hooklike projection of bone that extends from the medial pterygoid plate of the sphenoid bone?
hamulus / hamular process
192
On what intraoral image does the zygoma normally appear?
posterior maxillary periapical image
193
On what intraoral image does the septa within the maxillary sinus normally appear?
posterior maxillary periapical image
194
What is the term for the character of a set of teeth, including their number, kind, and location/arrangement?
dentition
195
Define the term: pericoronal
around the crown of a tooth
196
What is the term for objects next to/touching each other?
adjacent / proximal
197
How does enamel appear on an image?
radiopaque
198
What is a linear prominence of bone located on the internal surface of the mandible that extends from the molar region downward and forward to the lower border of the mandible?
mylohyoid ridge
199
On what intraoral image do mandibular nutrient canals normally appear?
radiolucent
200
What is a cavity within a tooth that includes both the pulp chamber and the pulp canals, containing blood vessels, nerves, and lymphatics?
pulp cavity
201
What is the term for permanent teeth that do not replace a primary/deciduous tooth?
nondeciduous teeth
202
What is a scooped-out, depressed area of bone located on the external of the anterior mandible?
mental fossa
203
How does the orbit appear on a panoramic image?
radiolucent compartment with radiopaque borders
204
What is a small opening or hole in bone surrounded by the genial tubercles and located at the midline of the internal surface of the mandible?
lingual foramen
205
On what intraoral image does the inferior nasal conchae normally appear?
anterior maxillary periapical image
206
What is an opening or hole in bone that permits the passage of nerves and blood vessels?
foramen
207
What term describes a radiolucency on a dental image that exhibits one compartment with a well-defined outer border?
unilocular coriticated
208
What is the term for the chewing surfaces of posterior teeth?
occlusal
209
What is the term for towards the apex of a tooth?
apical
210
What is a passageway through bone that extends from the superior foramina of the incisive canal to the incisive foramen?
incisive canal / nasopalatine canal
211
How does the anterior nasal spine appear on an image?
radiopaque
212
What is a pear-shaped compartment of bone located superior to the maxilla?
nasal cavity / nasal fossa
213
On what intraoral image do nutrient canals within the maxillary sinus normally appear?
posterior maxillary periapical image
214
How does the intraorbital foramen appear on a panoramic image?
radiolucent
215
How does the sigmoid notch appear on a panoramic image?
radiopaque
216
What is a term used to describe a well-defined radiopacity viewed on a dental image that is located in soft tissue?
soft tissue opacity
