Chapter 35: Interpretation of Trauma, Pulpal Lesions & Periapical Lesions

Question 1

Define the term: mesial

Answer 1

the tooth surface towards the midline of the mouth

Question 2

Define the term: multifocal confluent radiopacity

Answer 2

a term used to describe multiple radiopacities on a dental image that appear to overlap or flow together

Question 3

Define the term: dentition

Answer 3

the character of a set of teeth, including their number, kind, and location/arrangement

Question 4

Define the term: facial / labial

Answer 4

the tooth surface towards the cheek/lips on anterior teeth

Question 5

Define the term: mandibular teeth

Answer 5

teeth located in the mandible or lower arch

Question 6

Define the term: hypercementosis

Answer 6

the excess deposition of cementum on the root surfaces of teeth (appears radiopaque)

Question 7

Define the term: internal root resorption

Answer 7

the destruction of dentin around the pulp cavity within the crown or root of a tooth (appears radiolucent)

Question 8

Define the term: radiolucency

Answer 8

an area on a dental image appears radiolucent ((dark/black) due to readily allowing the passage of the x-ray beam so that more x-rays reach the image receptor

Question 9

Define the term: intraoral

Answer 9

inside the mouth

Question 10

Define the term: interpretation

Answer 10

an explanation

Question 11

Define the term: trauma

Answer 11

injury produced by an external force

Question 12

Define the term: luxation

Answer 12

the abnormal displacement of teeth

Question 13

Define the term: external root resorption

Answer 13

a regressive alteration of root structure that occurs along the periphery of the root surface

Question 14

Define the term: posterior

Answer 14

towards the back

Question 15

Define the term: extrusion

Answer 15

the abnormal displacement of teeth out of bone

Question 16

Define the term: posterior teeth

Answer 16

first and second premolars/bicuspids, and first, second and third molars

Question 17

Define the term: pulp canal obliteration

Answer 17

the calcification, or deposition, of hard tissue within the pulp cavity, causing no visible pulp chamber or canals on the dental image

Question 18

Define the term: mixed lucent-opaque

Answer 18

a term used to describe a lesion viewed on a dental image that exhibits both radiolucent and radiopaque components

Question 19

Define the term: avulsion

Answer 19

the complete displacement of a tooth from alveolar bone

Question 20

Define the term: soft tissue opacity

Answer 20

a term used to describe a well-defined radiopacity viewed on a dental image that is located in soft tissue

Question 21

Define the term: extraoral

Answer 21

outside the mouth

Question 22

Define the term: target lesion

Answer 22

a term used to describe a well-defined, localized radiopacity viewed on a dental image that is surrounded by a uniform radiolucent halo

Question 23

Define the term: pulpal sclerosis

Answer 23

a diffuse calcification of the pulp chamber and pulp canals of teeth that results in a pulp cavity of decreased size (appears radiopaque)

Question 24

Define the term: inter-radicular

Answer 24

between the roots of adjacent teeth

Question 25

Define the term: lingual

Answer 25

the tooth surface towards the tongue

Question 26

Define the term: periapical cyst / radicular cyst

Answer 26

a lesion characterized by an epithelial-lined cavity or sac located around the apex of a nonvital tooth that results from pulpal death *(appears radiolucent)*

Question 27

Define the term: mandible

Answer 27

the lower jaw

Question 28

Define the term: cervical / gingival

Answer 28

the tooth surface towards the gumline/cervical third area

Question 29

Define the term: condensing osteitis / chronic focal sclerosing osteomyelitis

Answer 29

a well-defined radiopacity seen below the apex of a nonvital tooth that has a history of long-standing pulpitis *(appears radiopaque)*

Question 30

Define the term: radiopaque

Answer 30

the portion of an image that is light or white, due to the structure resisting the passage of the x-ray beam and limiting the amount of x-rays that reach the receptor

Question 31

Define the term: anterior

Answer 31

towards the front

Question 32

Define the term: unilocular noncorticated

Answer 32

describes a radiolucency on a dental image that exhibits one compartment without a well-defined outer border

Question 33

Define the term: unilocular coriticated

Answer 33

describes a radiolucency on a dental image that exhibits one compartment with a well-defined outer border

Question 34

Define the term: distal

Answer 34

the tooth surface away from the midline of the mouth

Question 35

Define the term: apical

Answer 35

towards the apex of a tooth

Question 36

Define the term: periapical lesion

Answer 36

a lesion located around the apex of a tooth

Question 37

Define the term: multilocular

Answer 37

a term used to describe a radiolucent lesion on a dental image that exhibits multiple compartments

Question 38

Define the term: periapical

Answer 38

around the apex of a tooth

Question 39

Define the term: interpret

Answer 39

to offer an explanation

Question 40

Define the term: occlusal

Answer 40

the chewing surfaces of posterior teeth

Question 41

Define the term: radiopacity / radiodensity

Answer 41

an area on a dental image appearing radiopaque *(light/white)* due to resisting the passage of the x-ray beam and limiting the amount of x-rays that reach the image receptor

Question 42

Define the term: periapical abscess

Answer 42

a lesion characterized by a localized collection of pus around the apex of a nonvital tooth that results from pulpal death *(appears radiolucent)*

Question 43

Define the term: vital

Answer 43

living

Question 44

Define the term: anterior teeth

Answer 44

central incisors, lateral incisors, and canines/cuspids

Question 45

Define the term: pulp stones

Answer 45

calcifications found in the pulp chamber or pulp canals of teeth *(appear radiopaque)*

Question 46

Define the term: periapical granuloma

Answer 46

a lesion characterized by a localized mass of granulation tissue around the apex of a nonvital tooth *(appears radiolucent)*

Question 47

Define the term: sclerotic bone / osteosclerosis / idiopathic periapical osteosclerosis

Answer 47

a term used to describe a well-defined radiopacity viewed on a dental image located below the apices of vital, noncarious teeth

Question 48

Define the term: radiolucent

Answer 48

the portion of an image that is dark or black, due to the structure readily permitting the passage of the x-ray beam and allowing more x-rays to reach the image receptor

Question 49

Define the term: maxillary teeth

Answer 49

teeth located in the maxilla or upper arch

Question 50

Define the term: incisal

Answer 50

the chewing edge of anterior teeth

Question 51

Define the term: image interpretation

Answer 51

* an explanation of what is viewed on a dental image * the ability to read what is revealed by a dental image

Question 52

Define the term: irregular radiopacity

Answer 52

a term used to describe a radiopacity viewed on a dental image that has irregular, ill-defined borders

Question 53

Define the term: apex

Answer 53

the area of a tooth that allows for blood vessels and nerves to enter the tooth and maintain the vitality of the tooth

Question 54

Define the term: dentin

Answer 54

the tooth layer found between the enamel and surrounding the pulp cavity *(appears radiopaque)*

Question 55

Define the term: buccal

Answer 55

the tooth surface towards the cheek on posterior teeth

Question 56

Define the term: maxilla

Answer 56

the upper jaw

Question 57

Define the term: enamel

Answer 57

* the outermost layer of the crown of the tooth *(appears radiopaque)* * the densest structure in the human body

Question 58

Define the term: cementum

Answer 58

calcified connective tissue that covers the outer root surface of the tooth

Question 59

Define the term: fracture

Answer 59

the breaking of a part *(appears as a thin radiolucent line)*

Question 60

Define the term: pulp cavity

Answer 60

a cavity within a tooth that includes both the pulp chamber and the pulp canals, containing blood vessels, nerves, and lymphatics *(appears radiolucent)*

Question 61

Define the term: physiologic resorption

Answer 61

resorption of the teeth associated with the normal shedding of deciduous teeth

Question 62

Define the term: nonvital

Answer 62

not living

Question 63

Define the term: alveolar bone

Answer 63

bone of the maxilla and mandible that supports and encases the roots of teeth *(appears radiopaque)*

Question 64

Define the term: intrusion

Answer 64

the abnormal displacement of teeth into bone