Chapter 16 PPT: Lymphatic Flashcards by Kevin Avelino

Three functions of lymphatic system?

Transport excess fluid away from the intersitital space and return to blood stream

Absorb lipids from digestive system and transport to bloodstream

Defends the body against diseases

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Lymphatic Pathway

Lymphatic Capilaries

Lymphatic Vessels

Lymph Nodes

Larger Lymphatic Vessels

Lymphatic Trunks

Lymphatic Collecting Ducts

Subclavian Veins in Thorax

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What are lacteals?

Lymphatic capillaries that absorb fats, and transport them to the blood

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Lymphatic CApillaries are microscopic,

closed-ended tubes

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Lymphatic Capillaries networks..

parallel blood capillaries throughout the body

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Lymphatic Capillaries thickness?

Thin-Walled

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Lymphatic Capillaries walls formed from

simple squamous epithelium

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Lymphatic Capillaries tissue fluid enters

lymphatic capillaries, fluid is now called lymph

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Lymphatic Capillaries merge into

lymphatic vessels

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Lymphatic Vessels walls are similar to

veins, but thinner

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Lymphatic Vessels composed of what thre layers

Endothelial Lining (Inner)

Smooth Muscle (Middle)

Connective Tissue (Outer)

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Lymphatic Vessels contains

semilunar valves

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Lymphatic Vessels ; Larger vessels lead to

lymph nodes and then to larger lymphatic trunks

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Lymphatic trunks drain

lymph from lymphatic vessels

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Lymphatic trunks named for the regions

they serve.

Examples include lumbar, intestinal, intercostal, bronchomediastinal, subclavian, and jugular

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Lymphatic collecting ducts drain

lymph from trunks

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What are the two lymphatic collecting ducts?

Thoracic Duct (Large) and Right Lymphatic Duct (Small)

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The thoracic duct drains a much larger portion of body than

right lymphatic duct

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Breast drains to

axillary lymph nodes

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cancer surgery can disrupt

lymphatic flow and cause edema

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The large thoracic duct drains into the

left subclavian vein near its junction with the left jugular vein

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The small right lymphatic duct drains into the

right subclavian vein

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Lymphatic Pathway Route

Lymphatic Capillary

Afferent Lymphatic Vessel

Lymph Node

Efferent Lymphatic Vessel

Lymphatic Trunk

Collecting Duct

Subclavian Vein

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Lymph is tissue fluid that has entered

a lymphatic capillary

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Lymph formation depends on

tissue fluid formation

Capillary blood pressure filters

water and small molecules form the plasma

Capillary blood pressure that has been filtered results in tissue fluid that has:

The same composition as blood plasma COntains water and dissolved nutrients, gases, hormones Exception: Tissue fluid does not contain large plasma proteins

Plasma proteins remain in

blood plasma to maintain osmotic pressure necessary to draw fluid back into blood capillaries

Tissue fluid =

blood plasma - plasma proteins

Filtration from the plasma normally exceeds

reabsorption, leading to the net formation of tissue fluid

lymph filtration increases the

tissue fluid hydrostatic pressure within interstitial spaces, forcing fluid into lymphatic capillaries and forming lymph

Lymph filtration prevents accumulation of

excess tissue fluid or edema

Lymph inside lymphatic vessels has low

hydrostatic pressure, l ike venous blood

Good lymphatic flow requires help from

several mechanisms

Muscle activity influences the movement of

lymph through the lymphatic vessels

Contraction of skeletal muscles ....

compresses lymphatic vessels moving the lymph

Respiratory process creates low

pressure in throax, and high pressure in abdomen during inspiraiton; sends lymph from abdomen to thorax

Smooth muscle in larger lymphatic vessels contract to aid in

the flow on lymph

Valves in lymphatic vessels prevent

backflow

LYmphatic flow is highest during

physical exercise

Roles of Lymphatic Capillaries: Absorption of

dietary fats

Roles of Lymphatic Capillaries: Delivery of

absorbed fats to the bloodstream

Roles of Lymphatic Capillaries: Return of small proteins filtered by

blood capillaries to bloodstream

Roles of Lymphatic Capillaries: Collection of

excess interstitial fluid

Roles of Lymphatic Capillaries: Delivery of

excess fluid to the bloodstream

Roles of Lymphatic Capillaries: DElivery of foreign particles

to the lymph nodes

Lymphatic tissue contains several cell types including

lymphocytes and macrophages

What is Mucosa-Associated Lymphoid Tissue (MALT)

Unencapsulated lymphatic tissue of the digestive, respiratory, urinary, and reproductive tracts

Tonsils and appendix are composed of

lymphatic nodules (conpact masses of lymphatic tissue)

Peyer's patches are

aggregates of lymphatic nodules found in ileum

Lymphatic Organs consist of

encapsulated lymphatic tissue and include lymph nodes, thymus, and spleen

Lymph nodes usual shape?

bean shape, <2.5 cm long

Lymph nodes located along

lymphatic vessels; filter pathogens from lymph

Lymph nodes contain lymphocytes to

attack viruses, bacteria, and parasitic cells

Lymph nodes contain

macrophages to engulf and destroy foreign substances, damaged cells, and cellular debris

Lymph nodes are found ing roups or chains along the

paths of the larger lymphatic vessels throughout the body

Lymph nodes not found in

central nervous system

Major locations of Lymph Nodes

Cervical Region Axillary REgion Supratrochlear REgion Inguinal Region Pelvic Cavity Abdominal Cavity Thoracic Cavity

2 Primary Functions of Lymph Nodes

Filter potentially harmful particles form the lymph Immune surveillance: Monitor body fluids via macrophages and lymphocytes

aLong with the red boen marrow, the lymph nodes are centers for

lymphocyte production

Lymphocytes ataack various

pathogens in lymph nodes

Macrophages engulf and digest

foreign substances, damaged cells, adn debris

Thymus is what type of gland?

Soft, bilobed gland

Thymus located in

mediastinum

Thymus divided into

lobules

Lobules contain

lymphocyes derived from progenitor cells in red bone marrow

Most thymus cells are

inactive, called thymocytes

Thymus; some cells mature into

functional

T CElls do what?

Leave thymus to provide immunity

What is Thymosins?

Hormones produced in thymus; stimulate T Cell Maturation

Thymus is large in

infancy and early childhood

Thymus shrinks at

puberty

Thymus small in

an adult

Thymus in elderly , lymphatic tissue is replaced by

adipose and other connective tissues

Spleen is the largest

lymphatic organ

Spleen located in

upper left part of abdominal cavity

Spleenn resembles

large lymph node

Spleen contains

venous sinuses filled with blood

Spleen contains two tissue types

White Pulp (Lymphocytes) Red Pulp (Red Blood Cells, Lymphocytes and MacrophageS)

Spleen filters

blood, like lymph nodes filter lymph

Lymph Location

In groups or chains along the paths or larger lymphatic vessels

Lymph Nodes Function

Filter foreign particles and debris from lymph; house lymphocytes and destroys foreign particles in lymph; house macrophages tht engulf and destroy foreign particles and cellular debris carried in lymph

Thymus Location

Int he mediastinum posterior to the upper portion of the body of the sternum

Thymus Function

Houses Lymphocytes; Differentiates Thymocytes into T Lymphocytes

SPleen Location

Int he upper left portion of the abdominal cavity, inferior to the diaphragm and posteiror and lateral to the stomach

SPleen Function

Houses macrophages that remove foreign particles, damaged red blood cells, and cellular debris from the blood contain lymphocytes

Chapter 16 PPT: Lymphatic Flashcards

(86 cards)