Chapter 17

Question 1

centrifuged blood

Answer 1

55% plasma, 45% formed elements

Question 2

hematocrit

Answer 2

% of erythrocytes in centrifuged whole blood, 45% is normal

Question 3

erythrocytes

Answer 3

RBCs; anuclear when mature, basically sacs of hemoglobin

Question 4

oxyhemoglobin

Answer 4

hemoglobin bound to oxygen

Question 5

carbaminohemoglobin

Answer 5

hemoglobin bound to carbon dioxide

Question 6

hemorrhagic

Answer 6

caused by blood loss; type of anemia

Question 7

hemolytic

Answer 7

RBCs destroyed prematurely; type of anemia

Question 8

aplastic

Answer 8

destruction or inhibition of the bone marrow; type of anemia

Question 9

transferrin

Answer 9

protein that carries Fe from the liver to the bone marrow for erythropoiesis

Question 10

pernicious

Answer 10

vitamin B12 deficiency (needed for hematopoiesis); type of anemia

Question 11

thalassemia

Answer 11

genetic defect in Hg causing thin/delicate RBCs that break apart easily; type of anemia

Question 12

sickle cell

Answer 12

genetic defect in the Hg causing a deformed RBC shape; type of anemia

Question 13

Fe deficiency

Answer 13

insufficiency of iron in the diet or not enough iron during pregnancy, etc.

Question 14

blood doping

Answer 14

• remove blood, separate RBCs, and reinject them few days before athletic event
• increase hematocrit and blood O2 carrying capability

Question 15

leucopenia

Answer 15

too few WBCs

Question 16

leukemia

Answer 16

cancer of the WBCs, arises in the bone marrow

Question 17

mononucleosis

Answer 17

infection by the EB virus; symptoms are fatigue, aches, sore throat, fever

Question 18

vitamin K

Answer 18

required by the liver to make clotting factors

Question 19

streptokinase

Answer 19

bacterial product used as a medication that activates more plasmin which dissolves clots

Question 20

heparin

Answer 20

• anticoagulant; secreted by granulocytes

- compound in blood that helps prevent clots from becoming too big or forming in the wrong place

Question 21

hemophilia

Answer 21

genetic defect causing inadequate production of a clotting factor, often VIII or IX

Question 22

packed red cells

Answer 22

RBCs that have been separated from whole blood

Question 23

plasma expanders

Answer 23

• injected into CV system

- increases fluid portion of blood thereby increasing blood volume

Question 24

hyperlipidemia

Answer 24

elevated lipid levels in the blood

Question 25

Hemoglobin F

Answer 25

fetal Hg found in the fetus/newborn until 6 months old

Question 26

CBC

Answer 26

complete blood count; count of each cell type in the blood

Question 27

functions of the blood

Answer 27

distribution, regulation, and protection

Question 28

plasma

Answer 28

fluid portion of the blood

Question 29

formed elements

Answer 29

white/red blood cells and platelets; buffy coat and erythrocytes

Question 30

blood pH

Answer 30

slightly alkaline; 7.34-7.45

Question 31

hematopoiesis

Answer 31

blood cell formation; occurs in red bone marrow

Question 32

erythropoiesis

Answer 32

production of red blood cells

Question 33

serum

Answer 33

plasma where proteins have been removed or deactivated

Question 34

polycythemia

Answer 34

excess of RBCs

Question 35

leukocytes

Answer 35

white blood cells

Question 36

platelets

Answer 36

fragment of cells called thrombocyte

Question 37

thrombus

Answer 37

stationary clot; inapropriate

Question 38

embolus

Answer 38

traveling thrombus

Question 39

thrombocytopenia

Answer 39

too few platelets

Question 40

septicemia

Answer 40

blood infection; bacterial and systemic

Question 41

SMAC

Answer 41

blood chemistry profile

Question 42

leukopoiesis

Answer 42

production of white blood cells

Question 43

clot retraction

Answer 43

- 30-60 min after coagulation; platelet induced | - further stabilizes the clot

Question 44

disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC)

Answer 44

widespread clotting occurs in intact blood vessels and residual blood becomes unable to clot